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首页> 外文期刊>BMC Medical Education >Verbal and non-verbal communication skills including empathy during history taking of undergraduate medical students
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Verbal and non-verbal communication skills including empathy during history taking of undergraduate medical students

机译：口头和非语言沟通技巧，包括在医学生历史学习过程中的同理心

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Verbal and non-verbal aspects of communication as well as empathy are known to have an important impact on the medical encounter. The aim of the study was to analyze how well final year undergraduate medical students use skills of verbal and non-verbal communication during history-taking and whether these aspects of communication correlate with empathy and gender. During a three steps performance assessment simulating the first day of a resident 30 medical final year students took histories of five simulated patients resulting in 150 videos of physician-patient encounters. These videos were analyzed by external rating with a newly developed observation scale for the verbal and non-verbal communication and with the validated CARE-questionnaire for empathy. One-way ANOVA, t-tests and bivariate correlations were used for statistical analyses. Female students showed signicantly higher scores for verbal communication in the case of a female patient with abdominal pain (p??0.05), while male students started the conversations significantly more often with an open question (p??0.05) and interrupted the patients significantly later in two cases than female students (p??0.05). The number of W-questions asked by all students was significantly higher in the case of the female patient with abdominal pain (p??0.05) and this patient was interrupted after the beginning of the interview significantly earlier than the patients in the other four cases (p??0.001). Female students reached significantly higher scores for non-verbal communication in two cases (p??0.05) and showed significantly more empathy than male students in the case of the female patient with abdominal pain (p??0.05). In general, non-verbal communication correlated significantly with verbal communication and with empathy while verbal communication showed no significant correlation with empathy. Undergraduate medical students display differentiated communication behaviour with respect to verbal and non-verbal aspects of communication and empathy in a performance assessment and special differences could be detected between male and female students. These results suggest that explicit communication training and feedback might be necessary to raise students’ awareness for the different aspects of communication and their interaction.
机译：沟通中的言语和非言语方面以及同理心都会对医疗遭遇产生重要影响。这项研究的目的是分析在读历史课程期间，大一本科生医学生使用口头和非语言交流技巧的情况，以及这些交流方面是否与移情和性别相关。在分三步的绩效评估中，模拟了一名住所的30名医学生的第一天，学生们对5名模拟患者的病历进行了记录，得出了150部医患视频。这些视频通过外部评级进行了分析，并采用了新开发的口头和非语言交流观察量表以及经过验证的共情问卷调查。使用单向方差分析，t检验和双变量相关性进行统计分析。在患有腹痛的女性患者中，女学生的言语交流得分显着更高（p？<？0.05），而男性学生则更经常地以开放性问题开始对话（p？<？0.05）并中断了对话。在两个案例中，患者明显比女生晚（p <0.05）。在腹部疼痛的女性患者中，所有学生提出的W题数量均显着更高（p？<？0.05），并且该患者在面试开始后被打断的时间明显早于其他四个患者。病例（p≤0.001）。在两个案例中，女学生的非言语交际得分显着更高（p 0.05），女性腹痛患者的同情心明显高于男学生（p 0.05）。通常，非语言交流与言语交流和移情显着相关，而言语交流与移情没有显着相关。在性能评估中，医学专业的本科生在语言和非语言方面的沟通和同理心方面表现出差异化的沟通行为，男女学生之间可能会发现特殊差异。这些结果表明，可能需要进行明确的沟通训练和反馈，以提高学生对沟通及其互动的不同方面的认识。

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