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首页> 外文期刊>BMC International Health and Human Rights >Falling through the cracks: a qualitative study of HIV risks among women who use drugs and alcohol in Northeast India
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Falling through the cracks: a qualitative study of HIV risks among women who use drugs and alcohol in Northeast India

机译：跌破裂缝：对印度东北部吸毒和酗酒女性中HIV风险的定性研究

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Background HIV risks for women who inject drugs and those who engage in sex work are well documented. Women who are dependent on non-injecting drugs and alcohol are also likely to have increased vulnerability to HIV infection, but until they actually inject drugs or engage in sex work, are unlikely to come to the attention of HIV prevention programs. Methods We undertook a qualitative study involving nine focus group discussions (FGDs) and 27 key informant interviews to investigate the context of female drug and alcohol use in two high HIV prevalence states of India (Manipur and Nagaland) and to describe their HIV risks. The FGD and interview transcripts were thematically analyzed Results The women were relatively young (mean age 31 years in Manipur and 28 years in Nagaland), but 64% in Manipur and 35% in Nagaland were widowed or divorced. Both heroin and alcohol were commonly used by the women from Manipur, while alcohol was primarily used by the women from Nagaland, especially in the context of ‘booze joints’ (illicit bars). Reasons for drug and alcohol use included: to avoid symptoms of withdrawal, to suppress emotional pain, to overcome the shame of sex work, pleasure, and widowhood. HIV vulnerability was clearly described, not only in relation to injecting drug use and sex work, but also alcohol consumption. Conclusions The contribution of alcohol use to the HIV vulnerability of women is not currently considered when HIV prevention programs are being designed and implemented leaving a group of high-risk women uncovered by much needed services such as treatment for a range of health problems including alcohol dependence.
机译：背景充分记录了注射毒品的妇女和从事性工作的妇女的艾滋病毒风险。依赖非注射毒品和酒精的妇女也很可能增加感染艾滋病毒的脆弱性，但是直到他们实际注射毒品或从事性工作之前，不太可能引起艾滋病预防计划的注意。方法我们进行了定性研究，涉及9个焦点小组讨论（FGD）和27个主要知情人访谈，以调查印度两个高HIV感染率州（曼尼普尔邦和那加兰邦）女性吸毒和酗酒的情况，并描述他们的HIV风险。结果对女性相对年轻（曼尼普尔邦的平均年龄为31岁，那加兰邦的平均年龄为28岁），但曼尼普尔邦的64％和纳加兰邦的35％为寡妇或离婚。海洛因和酒精都是曼尼普尔邦妇女常用的酒，而酒精主要是来自那加兰邦的妇女使用，尤其是在“酒醉”的情况下（非法酒吧）。吸毒和酗酒的原因包括：避免戒断症状，​​抑制情绪痛苦，克服性工作，娱乐和丧偶的耻辱。明确说明了艾滋病毒的脆弱性，不仅与注射毒品和性工作有关，而且与饮酒有关。结论目前，在设计和实施艾滋病毒预防计划时，尚未考虑使用酒精对妇女的艾滋病毒易感性的影响，这使一群高风险妇女无法获得急需的服务，例如治疗包括酒精依赖在内的一系列健康问题。

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