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首页> 外文期刊>British Biotechnology Journal >Persistence and Comparative Pesticidal Potentials of Some Constituents of Lippia adoensis (Hochst. ex Walp.) (Lamiales: Verbenaceae) Essential Oil against Three Life Stages of Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)
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Persistence and Comparative Pesticidal Potentials of Some Constituents of Lippia adoensis (Hochst. ex Walp.) (Lamiales: Verbenaceae) Essential Oil against Three Life Stages of Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

机译：Li鱼（Hopst。ex Walp。）（Lamiales：马鞭草科）香精油对Callosobruchus maculatus（Fab。）（鞘翅目：Bruchidae）三个生命阶段的某些成分的持久性和比较杀虫潜力

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Over the past decades, the development of an alternative and eco-friendly pest control strategies has become a public concern for the sake of mankind. Plant essential oils are complex mixtures of volatile organic compounds, which play indispensable roles in the environment, for the plant itself, as well as for humans. Aims: The objectives of this study were (i) to identify and report the volatile organic compounds of Lippia adoensis (Hochst. Ex Walp.) (Lamiales: verbenaceae) essential oil (EO, herein after) and to compare the bioactivity of its four major compounds with the crude EO at relatively low dosages on some fitness parameters of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleptera: Bruchidae), (ii) to test the persistency of each compounds over time, and (iii) to evaluate the type of interaction of the major constituents of the EO (whether antagonistic, synergistic or additive) in order to project the biological interaction of the whole compounds. Study Design: Young leaves of L. adoensis were randomly collected in Mbe locality (Ngaoundere-Cameroon) for EO extraction which was then analysed by the means of Gas Chromatography (GC-FID) coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Bioassays consisted of three shelves treatments for adult mortality, eggs laying, larval development and progeny production. A complete randomized design (CRD) with five replications was set for each treatment. Places and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Biology of the Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundere (Cameroon) and Pest Control laboratory of Professor Niu Changying HZAU, Wuhan (China) from February 2014 to January 2016. Methodology: Essential oil was extracted with a Clevencher-type apparatus, hydrodistilled and air-dried. Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) and Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) were carried out to analyze the constituents. The toxicity of crude EO and its four major constituents was evaluated at 0.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 μL/g. Ten glass jars (volume 800mL) containing 50 g of cowpea seeds were prepared. After treatment, ten couples of C. maculatus aged 1-7days were randomly selected and separately introduced in each glass jar and kept at 22.72±1.06°C, 83.73±1.28% RH. Control jars were treated only with pure acetone. Each treatment was replicated five times. The exposure lasted for six days post treatment. Data on adult’s mortality, eggs laying, larvae and progeny production were assessed and monitored. Results: The GC–MS analysis allowed the identification of 43 volatile components representing 93.54% of total oil. The major components were Thymol (22.01%), Thymol-acetate (15.21%), para-cymene (13.85%) and Triacetin (9.131%). The crude EO suppressed adults, completely inhibited eggs laying and adult emergence at 5 and 10 μ L/g after 24 h, respectively. Complete adults suppression was observed with thymol and the mixture at 20 μ L/g. Para-cymene and Triacetin caused complete adult mortality at 40 μ L/g but did not inhibited eggs laying and progeny production. EO and the mixture have been the most potent and persistent with a higher persistency throughout the experimentation. The synergism ratios (SR) were all higher than 1, thereby suggesting a significant ( P = .05) synergistic interaction of major constituents although lower than that of the crude EO. Data on behaviours at death suggests that this EO may be neurotoxic probably through the blocking of the cholinergic receptors through reversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. Conclusion: The results obtained from this study revealed a significant ( P = .05) insecticidal bioefficacy of EO extracted from young leaves of L. adoensis from Cameroon. This insecticidal properties are due to its richness in chemical constituents (43 in total) that sustained its persistency during the treatment. L. adoensis could therefore be a suitable topical agent to control C. maculatus infestations and could be of value for commercial formulations.
机译：在过去的几十年中，为人类着想，替代性和生态友好型害虫控制策略的开发已成为公众关注的问题。植物精油是挥发性有机化合物的复杂混合物，它们对环境，植物本身以及人类都起着不可或缺的作用。目的：这项研究的目的是（i）鉴定并报告多毛的Lippia adoensis（Hochst。Ex Walp。）（Lamiales：马鞭草科）挥发油（EO，下文中）并比较其四种的生物活性主要化合物具有相对较低的粗制EO浓度，这些化合物在一定程度上适合于Callosobruchus maculatus（F.）（Coleptera：Bruchidae）的某些适应性参数，（ii）测试每种化合物随时间的持久性，以及（iii）评价相互作用的类型为了预测整个化合物的生物相互作用，需要对EO的主要成分（无论是拮抗的，协同的还是加成的）进行分析。研究设计：在Mbe地方（恩加德特雷-喀麦隆）随机提取多叶紫苏幼叶用于EO提取，然后通过气相色谱法（GC-FID）和质谱（GC-MS）进行分析。生物测定法包括用于成人死亡率，产卵，幼虫发育和后代生产的三种架子疗法。为每个治疗设置一个具有五个重复的完整随机设计（CRD）。研究的地点和持续时间：恩加德雷尔大学（喀麦隆）理学院生物实验室和牛长英教授（中国武汉）虫害防治实验室，2014年2月至2016年1月。 Clevencher型设备，经过水蒸馏和风干。进行了气相色谱-火焰电离检测器（GC-FID）和气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）的成分分析。粗制EO及其四个主要成分的毒性评估为0.5、5、10、20和40μL/ g。制备十个装有50 g pea豆种子的玻璃罐（容积800mL）。处理后，随机选择十对年龄为1-7天的斑节对虾，并将其分别引入每个玻璃罐中，并保持在22.72±1.06°C，83.73±1.28％RH。对照瓶仅用纯丙酮处理。每种处理重复五次。治疗后暴露持续了六天。对成年人死亡率，产卵，幼虫和后代产量的数据进行了评估和监测。结果：GC-MS分析可以鉴定出43种挥发性成分，占总油量的93.54％。主要成分为百里香酚（22.01％），百里香乙酸酯（15.21％），对苏木精（13.85％）和三醋精（9.131％）。粗制EO抑制成虫，分别在24小时后分别以5和10μL / g抑制成虫，并完全抑制卵生和成虫出现。百里香酚和混合物的浓度为20μL / g，完全抑制了成年人的生长。对苏木精和甘油三乙酸甘油酯以40μL / g的剂量完全导致成年人死亡，但不抑制卵生和子代产生。在整个实验过程中，EO和混合物是最有效和持久的，具有更高的持久性。协同作用比（SR）均高于1，从而表明主要成分之间存在显着的（P = .05）协同作用，尽管低于粗制EO。关于死亡行为的数据表明，该EO可能是神经毒性的，可能是通过可逆性抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶的阻断胆碱能受体引起的。结论：从这项研究中获得的结果表明，从喀麦隆的L. adoensis幼叶中提取的EO具有显着（P = .05）的杀虫生物功效。这种杀虫特性是由于其丰富的化学成分（总共43种）在治疗过程中保持了持久性。因此，L。adoensis可能是控制黄斑梭菌侵染的合适局部药物，对商业制剂具有重要价值。

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