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In vitro and In vivo Biocontrol of Soil-Borne Phytopathogenic Fungi by Certain Bioagents and Their Possible Mode of Action

机译:某些生物制剂对土壤中植物病原真菌的体外体内生物防治及其可能的作用方式

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The study aimed to investigate new wide-spectrum biological control agents against soil-borne fungal plant pathogens. Screening of 336 fungal strains and 256 bacterial strains was carried out in vitro to select the most promising isolates for controlling destructive pathogens of greenhouse-vegetables. In dual cultures, Bacillus subtilis JF419701 and Trichoderma harzianum JF419706 (teleomorph: Hypocrea lixii ) inhibited the growth of Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum, Exserohilum rostratum, Macrophomina phaseolina, Pythium ultimum and Rhizoctonia solani . Microscopic examination showed the ability of T. harzianum JF419706 to parasitize the hyphae of all pathogens and kill them. T. harzianum produced the cell wall degrading enzymes; α-1-3-glucanase (0.83 U/ml) , β-1-3-glucanase (0.89 U/ml) and chitinase (0.86 U/ml) in high concentrations. However, B. subtilis produced proteases in very high concentrations (9341.64 U/ml) . The culture filtrate of T. harzianum did not show any antifungal effect. The cell free extract of B. subtilis , containing cyano-compounds, suppressed the growth of all phytopathogens, especially M. phaseolina . Results proved the efficacy of the two biological control agents to control the common soil pathogens either singly or in combination. We recommend further field experiments to study either the synergistic or antagonistic interactions between them under natural conditions.
机译:该研究旨在研究针对土壤传播的真菌植物病原体的新型广谱生物防治剂。在体外筛选了336个真菌菌株和256个细菌菌株,以选择最有希望的菌株来控制温室蔬菜的破坏性病原体。在双重培养中,枯草芽孢杆菌JF419701和哈茨木霉JF419706(teleomorph: Hypocrea lixii)抑制了链格孢菌,尖孢镰刀菌,枯萎线粒体,菜豆和腐霉的生长。 >索氏假单胞菌。显微镜检查显示出 T的能力。 harzianum JF419706可以寄生所有病原体的菌丝并杀死它们。 T哈茨木霉产生细胞壁降解酶。高浓度的α-1-3-葡聚糖酶(0.83 U / ml),β-1-3-葡聚糖酶(0.89 U / ml)和几丁质酶(0.86 U / ml)。但是, B。枯草杆菌产生的蛋白酶浓度很高(9341.64 U / ml)。 T的培养滤液。 harzianum没有显示任何抗真菌作用。 B的无细胞提取物。含有氰基化合物的枯草杆菌抑制了所有植物病原体的生长,尤其是I。菜豆。结果证明了两种生物防治剂单独或联合控制常见土壤病原体的功效。我们建议进行进一步的野外实验,以研究它们在自然条件下的协同或拮抗作用。

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