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首页> 外文期刊>BMC Microbiology >Blochmannia endosymbionts improve colony growth and immune defence in the ant Camponotus fellah
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Blochmannia endosymbionts improve colony growth and immune defence in the ant Camponotus fellah

机译：och草内生共生体可改善蚂蚁Camponotus fallah的菌落生长和免疫防御能力

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Background Microorganisms are a large and diverse form of life. Many of them live in association with large multicellular organisms, developing symbiotic relations with the host and some have even evolved to form obligate endosymbiosis [ 1 ]. All Carpenter ants (genus Camponotus) studied hitherto harbour primary endosymbiotic bacteria of the Blochmannia genus. The role of these bacteria in ant nutrition has been demonstrated [ 2 ] but the omnivorous diet of these ants lead us to hypothesize that the bacteria might provide additional advantages to their host. In this study, we establish links between Blochmannia, growth of starting new colonies and the host immune response. Results We manipulated the number of bacterial endosymbionts in incipient laboratory-reared colonies of Camponotus fellah by administrating doses of an antibiotic (Rifampin) mixed in honey-solution. Efficiency of the treatment was estimated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), using Blochmannia specific primers (qPCR) and two fluorescent probes (one for all Eubacterial and other specific for Blochmannia). Very few or no bacteria could be detected in treated ants. Incipient Rifampin treated colonies had significantly lower numbers of brood and adult workers than control colonies. The immune response of ants from control and treated colonies was estimated by inserting nylon filaments in the gaster and removing it after 24 h. In the control colonies, the encapsulation response was positively correlated to the bacterial amount, while no correlation was observed in treated colonies. Indeed, antibiotic treatment increased the encapsulation response of the workers, probably due to stress conditions. Conclusion The increased growth rate observed in non-treated colonies confirms the importance of Blochmannia in this phase of colony development. This would provide an important selective advantage during colony founding, where the colonies are faced with severe inter and intraspecific competition. Furthermore, the bacteria improve the workers encapsulation response. Thus, these ants are likely to be less susceptible to various pathogen attacks, such as the Phoridae fly parasitoids, normally found in the vicinity of Camponotus nests. These advantages might explain the remarkable ecological success of this ant genus, comprising more than 1000 species.
机译：背景技术微生物是一种广泛多样的生命形式。它们中的许多与大型多细胞生物生活在一起，与宿主建立共生关系，甚至有一些进化成专性内共生[1]。迄今为止，所有木匠蚂蚁（Camponotus属）都研究了Blochmannia属的主要内共生细菌。这些细菌在蚂蚁营养中的作用已得到证明[2]，但是这些蚂蚁的杂食性饮食使我们假设细菌可能为其宿主提供其他优势。在这项研究中，我们建立了Blochmannia，起始新菌落的生长与宿主免疫反应之间的联系。结果我们通过服用混合在蜂蜜溶液中的抗生素（Rifampin）剂量来控制Camponotus fallah实验室初期培养的菌落中细菌共生菌的数量。通过定量聚合酶链反应和荧光原位杂交（FISH），使用Blochmannia特异性引物（qPCR）和两种荧光探针（一种针对所有真细菌，另一种针对Blochmannia），评估了治疗效果。在处理过的蚂蚁中很少或没有细菌被检测到。接受利福平治疗的初期菌落和成年工人的数量明显少于对照菌落。通过将尼龙丝插入胃垫中并在24小时后将其去除，来评估来自对照和处理过的菌落的蚂蚁的免疫反应。在对照菌落中，包囊反应与细菌数量呈正相关，而在处理菌落中未观察到相关性。确实，抗生素治疗可能增加了工人的封装反应，这可能是由于压力条件所致。结论在未经处理的菌落中观察到的生长速率增加证实了在该菌落发育的这一阶段中，och草的重要性。这将在殖民地建立期间提供重要的选择优势，因为殖民地面临着严峻的种间和种内竞争。此外，细菌改善了工人的封装反应。因此，这些蚂蚁可能不太容易受到各种病原体的攻击，例如通常在Camponotus巢附近发现的Phoridae蝇类寄生虫。这些优势可能解释了这种蚂蚁属在生态上的巨大成功，该蚂蚁属有1000多种。

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