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Neuro-genetic plasticity of Caenorhabditis elegans behavioral thermal tolerance

机译：秀丽隐杆线虫行为热耐受的神经遗传可塑性

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Animal responses to thermal stimuli involve intricate contributions of genetics, neurobiology and physiology, with temperature variation providing a pervasive environmental factor for natural selection. Thermal behavior thus exemplifies a dynamic trait that requires non-trivial phenotypic summaries to appropriately capture the trait in response to a changing environment. To characterize the deterministic and plastic components of thermal responses, we developed a novel micro-droplet assay of nematode behavior that permits information-dense summaries of dynamic behavioral phenotypes as reaction norms in response to increasing temperature (thermal tolerance curves, TTC). We found that C. elegans TTCs shift predictably with rearing conditions and developmental stage, with significant differences between distinct wildtype genetic backgrounds. Moreover, after screening TTCs for 58 C. elegans genetic mutant strains, we determined that genes affecting thermosensation, including cmk-1 and tax-4, potentially play important roles in the behavioral control of locomotion at high temperature, implicating neural decision-making in TTC shape rather than just generalized physiological limits. However, expression of the transient receptor potential ion channel TRPA-1 in the nervous system is not sufficient to rescue rearing-dependent plasticity in TTCs conferred by normal expression of this gene, indicating instead a role for intestinal signaling involving TRPA-1 in the adaptive plasticity of thermal performance. These results implicate nervous system and non-nervous system contributions to behavior, in addition to basic cellular physiology, as key mediators of evolutionary responses to selection from temperature variation in nature.
机译：动物对热刺激的反应涉及遗传学，神经生物学和生理学的复杂贡献，温度变化为自然选择提供了广泛的环境因素。因此，热行为举例说明了动态特征，该特征需要非平凡的表型摘要来响应变化的环境来适当地捕获该特征。为了表征热响应的确定性和塑性成分，我们开发了一种新型的线虫行为微滴测定法，该测定法允许动态行为表型的信息密集摘要作为响应温度升高的反应规范（热耐受曲线，TTC）。我们发现秀丽隐杆线虫TTCs随饲养条件和发育阶段而变化，在不同的野生型遗传背景之间存在显着差异。此外，在筛选了58种秀丽隐杆线虫基因突变株的TTC之后，我们确定影响热感觉的基因（包括cmk-1和tax-4）可能在高温下的运动行为控制中起重要作用，这牵涉到神经决策。 TTC的形状，而不只是广义的生理极限。然而，在神经系统中瞬时受体电位离子通道TRPA-1的表达不足以挽救该基因正常表达所赋予的TTC的依赖于饲养的可塑性，这表明在涉及适应性的TRPA-1的肠道信号中起着一定的作用。热性能的可塑性。这些结果表明，除了基本的细胞生理学外，神经系统和非神经系统对行为的贡献是对自然温度变化选择的进化反应的关键介体。

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