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首页> 外文期刊>BMC Neuroscience >Distribution of plasma membrane-associated syntaxins 1 through 4 indicates distinct trafficking functions in the synaptic layers of the mouse retina
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Distribution of plasma membrane-associated syntaxins 1 through 4 indicates distinct trafficking functions in the synaptic layers of the mouse retina

机译：与质膜相关的syntaxins 1至4的分布表明在小鼠视网膜的突触层中有不同的运输功能。

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Background Syntaxins 1 through 4 are SNAP receptor (SNARE) proteins that mediate vesicular trafficking to the plasma membrane. In retina, syntaxins 1 and 3 are expressed at conventional and ribbon synapses, respectively, suggesting that synaptic trafficking functions differ among syntaxin isoforms. To better understand syntaxins in synaptic signaling and trafficking, we further examined the cell- and synapse-specific expression of syntaxins 1 through 4 in the mouse retina by immunolabeling and confocal microscopy. Results Each isoform was expressed in the retina and showed a unique distribution in the synaptic layers of the retina, with little or no colocalization of isoforms. Syntaxin 1 was present in amacrine cell bodies and processes and conventional presynaptic terminals in the inner plexiform layer (IPL). Syntaxin 2 was present in amacrine cells and their processes in the IPL, but showed little colocalization with syntaxin 1 or other presynaptic markers. Syntaxin 3 was found in glutamatergic photoreceptor and bipolar cell ribbon synapses, but was absent from putative conventional glutamatergic amacrine cell synapses. Syntaxin 4 was localized to horizontal cell processes in the ribbon synaptic complexes of photoreceptor terminals and in puncta in the IPL that contacted dopaminergic and CD15-positive amacrine cells. Syntaxins 2 and 4 often were apposed to synaptic active zones labeled for bassoon. Conclusion These results indicate that each syntaxin isoform has unique, non-redundant functions in synaptic signaling and trafficking. Syntaxins 1 and 3 mediate presynaptic transmitter release from conventional and ribbon synapses, respectively. Syntaxins 2 and 4 are not presynaptic and likely mediate post-synaptic trafficking.
机译：背景Syntaxins 1至4是SNAP受体（SNARE）蛋白，可介导水泡运输到质膜。在视网膜中，语法素1和3分别在常规突触和带状突触中表达，这表明语法素同工型之间的突触运输功能不同。为了更好地理解突触信号传导和运输中的语法素，我们通过免疫标记和共聚焦显微镜进一步检查了小鼠视网膜中语法素1至4的细胞和突触特异性表达。结果每种同工型均在视网膜中表达，并在视网膜的突触层中表现出独特的分布，同工型很少或没有共定位。 Syntaxin 1存在于无长突细胞体和过程以及内部丛状层（IPL）的常规突触前末端中。 Syntaxin 2存在于无长突细胞及其IPL中的过程中，但与syntaxin 1或其他突触前标记几乎没有共定位。在谷氨酸能光感受器和双极细胞带状突触中发现了Syntaxin 3，但在常规的谷氨酸能无长突细胞突触中却没有。 Syntaxin 4位于感光细胞末端的带状突触复合物中的水平细胞过程中，以及与多巴胺能和CD15阳性无长突细胞接触的IPL的点状。语法2和4经常与标记为大管的突触活性区并列。结论这些结果表明，每个语法同工型在突触信号传导和运输中具有独特的，非冗余的功能。语法1和3分别介导常规和带状突触的突触前递质释放。语法2和4不是突触前的，可能介导突触后的贩运。

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