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首页> 外文期刊>British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research >Immunological Effect of Tramadol, Codeine, Flunitrazepam on Plasma Cortisol (Antiinflammatory Agent), Cortisol Binding Globulin (Acute Phase Protein) and Total Bile Acid in Rabbits
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Immunological Effect of Tramadol, Codeine, Flunitrazepam on Plasma Cortisol (Antiinflammatory Agent), Cortisol Binding Globulin (Acute Phase Protein) and Total Bile Acid in Rabbits

机译：曲马多，可待因，氟硝西m对兔血浆皮质醇（抗炎剂），皮质醇结合球蛋白（急性期蛋白）和总胆汁酸的免疫作用

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Study Background: Flunitrazepam, Tramadol and Codeine are irrationally used as energy booster, psychoactives and as recreational drugs apart from their normal applications to relieve pains (Tramadol and Codeine), cough (Codeine) or as sedative (Flunitrazepam). High doses could induce inflammatory and acute phase responses. Aim and Objectives: This work was designed to determine the Immunological Effect of low and High Doses of Tramadol, Codeine and Flunitrazepam on fasting Plasma Total Bile Acid, Cortisol(Anti-inflammatory Agent) and Cortisol Binding Globulin (Acute Phase Protein) in rabbits given normal and high doses. Materials and Methods: The subjects include thirty five (35) male rabbits weighed 0.8 kg-1.3 kg. grouped into control (Group A; 5 rabbits on normal meal and water without drugs), 5 rabbits given 15 mg/kgBW of Tramadol per 24 hrs (Group B1), 100 mg/kgBW of Tramadol per 24 hrs (Group B2), 10 mg/kgBW of Codeine per 24 hrs (Group C1), 100 mg/kgBW of Codeine per 24 hrs (Group C2), 0.5 mg/kgBW of Flunitrazepam (D1) and 5 mg/kgBW of Flunitrazepam (D2). Early morning fasting Plasma Cortisol. Total Bile Acid (TBA) and Cortisol Binding Globulin were determined immunochemically by ELISA and spectrophotometry. Results: The result obtained from this work showed a significantly lower plasma value of cortisol in rabbits given 100 mg/kgBW of tramadol per 24 hrs for 14 days and also in the rabbits given 100 mg/kgBW of Codeine per 24 hrs for 14 days compared with the control rabbits on normal meal and water without drug administration with p<0.05. There was a significantly lower plasma value of cortisol binding globulin in rabbits given 100 mg/kgBW of tramadol per 24 hrs for 14 days compared with the control rabbits and those given 15 mg/kgBW of tramadol per 24 hrs for 14 days with p<0.05.There was a significantlyhigher plasma value of Total bile acid in rabbits given 100 mg/kgBW of tramadol per 24 hrs for 14 days than the rabbits administered with 15 mg/kgBW of tramadol per 24 hrs for 14 days and when compared with normal control rabbits with p<0.05. There was significantlyhigher plasma value of Total bile acid in rabbits given 100 mg/kgBW of codeine per 24 hrs for 14 days than the rabbits administered with 10 mg/kgBW of codeine per 24 hrs for 14 daysand when compared with normal control rabbits with p<0.05. Conclusion: High Doses of Tramadol (100 mg/kgBW) and Codeine (100 mg/kgBW) could trigger inflammatory responses which could alter the plasma levels of Total Bile Acid (TBA), cortisol (glucocorticoid anti-stress and anti-inflammatory hormone) and cortisol binding globulin (Cortisol storage protein and a negative acute phase protein). Measurement of cortisol and globulin binding globulin in those addicted to the drug will tremendously improve on the management of possible Tramadol and Codeine induced toxicity and inflammation.
机译：研究背景：除正常应用以减轻疼痛（曲马多和可待因），咳嗽（可待因）或镇静剂（Flunitrazepam）外，氟尼西m，曲马多和可待因被非理性地用作能量增强剂，精神活性剂和娱乐药物。高剂量可能引起炎症和急性期反应。目的：确定曲马多，可待因和氟硝西m的低剂量和高剂量对禁食兔血浆中总胆汁酸，皮质醇（抗炎剂）和皮质醇结合球蛋白（急性期蛋白）的免疫学作用。正常和高剂量。材料和方法：受试者包括三十五（35）只体重为0.8 kg-1.3 kg的雄性兔子。分为对照组（A组; 5只正常进食和饮水且无药物的兔子），5只兔子每24小时给予15 mg / kgBW曲马多（B1组），每24小时100 mg / kgBW曲马多（B2组），10只每24小时（C1组）mg / kgBW可待因，每24小时（C2组）100 mg / kgBW可待因，氟硝西m（D1）0.5 mg / kgBW和氟硝西epa（D2）5 mg / kgBW。清晨禁食血浆皮质醇。通过ELISA和分光光度法以免疫化学方法测定总胆汁酸（TBA）和皮质醇结合球蛋白。结果：从这项工作中获得的结果表明，与曲马多相比，每24小时给予100 mg / kgBW的兔子持续14天的皮质醇血浆值显着降低，而向每24小时给予可待因100 mg / kgBW的兔子持续14天的血浆皮质醇值明显降低对照兔在不加药的情况下正常进食和饮水，p <0.05。与对照兔相比，给予曲马多每24小时100 mg / kgBW每24小时的兔子皮质醇结合球蛋白的血浆值显着降低，p ＜0.05，每24小时给予曲马多15 mg / kgBW的兔子相比于正常对照组，给予24天100 mg / kgBW曲马多14天的兔子，总胆汁酸的血浆值显着高于每24小时给予15 mg / kgBW曲马多14天的兔子。 p ＜0.05。每24小时给予100 mg / kgBW可待因的兔子在14天中的总胆汁酸血浆值比每24小时给予10 mg / kgBW可待因的兔子每24小时显着更高，并且与正常对照组的p < 0.05。结论：曲马多（100 mg / kgBW）和可待因（100 mg / kgBW）的高剂量可引起炎症反应，从而改变血浆总胆汁酸（TBA），皮质醇（糖皮质激素抗应激和抗炎激素）的水平和皮质醇结合球蛋白（皮质醇储存蛋白和阴性急性期蛋白）。对药物成瘾者的皮质醇和球蛋白结合球蛋白的测定将极大地改善可能的曲马多和可待因诱发的毒性和炎症的治疗。

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