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首页> 外文期刊>British Journal of Economics, Management & Trade >Gender Differences in Human Capital and Personality Traits as Drivers of Gender Gap in Entrepreneurship: Empirical Evidence from Nigeria
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Gender Differences in Human Capital and Personality Traits as Drivers of Gender Gap in Entrepreneurship: Empirical Evidence from Nigeria

机译：人力资本和人格特征的性别差异是企业家中性别差距的驱动因素：来自尼日利亚的经验证据

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Female entrepreneurs are important for economic progress and have an important contribution to employment creation and gdp. They also have value through increasing entrepreneurial diversity. In addition to the growing number of female entrepreneurs across the globe in the last few decades there has been an increase in the number of studies on female entrepreneurship. Aims: This study (i) examines different human, financial and social capital related factors that may determine the success of women entrepreneurship (ii) find out if there are relationships between personality traits like locus of control, achievement motivation, creativity, risk propensity and entrepreneurial success. Study design: A survey design was adopted for study. Place and duration of study: Department of industrial relations and public administration lagos state university, lagos nigeria, between july and september 2012. Methodology: A field survey of 200 entrepreneurs of the 1062 registered entrepreneurs randomly selected across six local government areas of lagos. Results: Response rate was 180 (90%) consisting of 102 (57%) men and 78 (43%) women. The rate of women's entrepreneurship is lower than that of men. Six hypotheses were tested using x2 at 0.05 level of significance and df 4. X2 (cal.) 33.94 indicates significant gender differences in control orientation. X2 of 56.37implies a significant difference in male and female level of competitiveness. X2 (cal.) 2.71, implies no significant difference in male and female in the level of achievement motivation. X2 (cal.) 61.16, implies a significant difference between male and female in risk propensity. X2 (cal.) 12.62, shows a significant difference in the level of human capital. X2 (cal.) 51.28 indicates gender differences in social capital. Conclusion: The study posits that gender differences in competitiveness and some other personality traits is due to nature, nurture or a combination of both. The similarities between successful entrepreneurs of both genders imply that under the same conditions both can be successful entrepreneurs. Intervention efforts should focus on encouragement, technical, social and financial support, capacity building, experience, and well-developed professional networks for women entrepreneurs both to improve their numbers and to increase the success rates for existing ones.
机译：女企业家对于经济发展很重要，并且对创造就业机会和国内生产总值做出了重要贡献。它们还通过增加企业家多样性而具有价值。在过去的几十年中，除了全球范围内女性企业家的数量不断增长之外，有关女性企业家精神的研究数量也在增加。目的：这项研究（i）研究了可能决定女性创业成功的各种与人力，财务和社会资本相关的因素（ii）找出人格特质，如控制源，成就动机，创造力，风险倾向和创业成功。研究设计：采用调查设计进行研究。研究的地点和持续时间：拉各斯州立大学劳资关系和公共管理系，尼日利亚拉各斯，2012年7月至2012年9月。方法：对在六个拉各斯地方政府区域随机选择的1062名注册企业家中的200名企业家进行了实地调查。结果：应答率为180（90％），其中102名（57％）男性和78名（43％）女性。妇女的创业率低于男子。使用x 2 的显着性水平为0.05和df 4检验了六个假设。X 2 （cal。）33.94表明对照方向的性别差异显着。 X 2 为56.37，这表明男性和女性竞争力水平存在显着差异。 X 2 （cal。）2.71，暗示男性和女性成就动机的水平没有显着差异。 X 2 （cal。）61.16，表明男性和女性的风险倾向存在显着差异。 X 2 （cal。）12.62显示出人力资本水平的显着差异。 X 2 （cal。）51.28表示社会资本中的性别差异。结论：该研究认为，性别和其他一些人格特征在性别方面的差异是由于自然，养育或两者的结合所致。两种成功企业家之间的相似之处意味着，在相同条件下，两者都可以成为成功企业家。干预工作应着重于鼓励，技术，社会和财政支持，能力建设，经验以及为女企业家建立的完善的专业网络，以提高其数量并提高现有企业的成功率。

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