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首页> 外文期刊>Bulletin of the International Association for Paleodontology >Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors Involved in the Preservation of Non-Adult Skeletal Remains in Archaeology and Forensic Science
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Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors Involved in the Preservation of Non-Adult Skeletal Remains in Archaeology and Forensic Science

机译：考古和法医学中保存非成年人骨骼遗骸的内在和外在因素

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摘要

Human skeletal remains offers the most direct insight into the health, well-being, and the lifestyles of both past and modern populations, as well as the study of violence and traumas encountered both from archaeological and forensic contexts. They also allow archaeologists and anthropologists to reconstruction demographic details, none more so than those of children, where mortality rates were high in most human populations until the twentieth century. The study of children within biological anthropology had being taking place for many years now, but studies of mortality and morbidity are often hindered by the poor preservation of their skeletons or infrequent representation of skeletal elements. Taphonomic processes are often cited as the cause of this ‘under-representation’ of children from archaeological investigations. This phenomenon is thought to be as a result of the inability of non-adult bone to survive the changing conditions of the burial environment in which they are interred. Taphonomic factors can be divided into two types: intrinsic (resistance to bone) and extrinsic (environmental influences), both of which exert influence on the long term survival of non-adult bone. This paper aims to review the many intrinsic and extrinsic factors which can alter human bone and contribute to its deterioration in the burial environment in both archaeology and forensic science.
机译：人体骨骼遗骸提供了对过去和现代人群的健康，福祉和生活方式的最直接的了解，以及对考古和法医背景下遇到的暴力和创伤的研究。它们还允许考古学家和人类学家重建人口统计学的详细信息，而儿童的情况则是如此，因为儿童的死亡率在20世纪之前一直居高不下。生物学人类学领域的儿童研究已经进行了很多年，但是死亡率和发病率的研究通常由于其骨骼的保护不佳或骨骼元素的代表性很少而受到阻碍。从考古学调查中，经常会出现音速过慢的现象，这是儿童“代表性不足”的原因。人们认为这种现象是由于非成年骨骼无法幸存的埋葬环境不断变化的条件所致。声张因子可以分为两种类型：内在的（对骨骼的抵抗力）和外在的（环境影响），这两种因素都会影响非成年骨骼的长期生存。本文旨在探讨在考古学和法医学领域中可能改变人类骨骼并导致其在墓葬环境中恶化的许多内在和外在因素。

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