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首页> 外文期刊>Biogeosciences >Nitrogen mineralization and gaseous nitrogen losses from waterlogged and drained organic soils in a black alder (iAlnus glutinosa/i (L.) Gaertn.) forest
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Nitrogen mineralization and gaseous nitrogen losses from waterlogged and drained organic soils in a black alder (iAlnus glutinosa/i (L.) Gaertn.) forest

机译：黑al木（Alnus glutinosa（i。）Gaertn。）森林中淹水和排水的有机土壤中的氮矿化和气态氮损失

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Black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) forests on peat soilshave been reported to be hotspots for high nitrous oxide (N2O) losses.High emissions may be attributed to alternating water tables of peatlands andto the incorporation of high amounts of easily decomposable nitrogen (N) intothe ecosystem by symbiotic dinitrogen (N2)-fixation of alder trees. Ourstudy addressed the question to what extent drainage enhances the emissionsof N2O from black alder forests and how N turnover processes andphysical factors influence the production of N2O and totaldenitrification. The study was conducted in a drained black alder forest withvariable groundwater tables at a southern German fen peatland. Fluxes ofN2O were measured using the closed chamber method at two drained sites(D-1 and D-2) and one undrained site (U). Inorganic N contents and net Nmineralization rates (NNM) were determined. Additionally a laboratoryincubation experiment was carried out to investigate greenhouse gas andN2 fluxes at different temperature and soil moisture conditions.Significantly different inorganic N contents and NNM rates were observed,which however did not result in significantly different N2O fluxes in thefield but did in the laboratory experiment. N2O fluxes measured were lowfor all sites, with total annual emissions of 0.51 ± 0.07 (U),0.97 ± 0.13 (D-1) and0.93 ± 0.08 kg N2O–N ha?1 yr−1 (D-2). Only 37%of the spatiotemporal variation in field N2O fluxes could be explainedby peat temperature and groundwater level, demonstrating the complexinterlinking of the controlling factors for N2O emissions. However,temperature was one of the key variables of N2O fluxes in the incubationexperiment conducted. Increasing soil moisture content was found to enhancetotal denitrification losses during the incubation experiment, whereasN2O fluxes remained constant. At the undrained site, permanently highgroundwater level was found to prevent net nitrification, resulting in alimitation of available nitrate (NO3−) and negligible gaseous Nlosses. N2O flux rates that were up to four times higher were measuredin the incubation experiment. They reveal the potential of high N2Olosses under changing soil physical conditions at the drained alder sites.The high net nitrification rates observed and high NO3− contents bearthe risk of considerable NO3− leaching at the drained sites.
机译：据报道，泥炭土上的黑（木（ Alnus glutinosa （L.）Gaertn。）森林是造成一氧化二氮（N 2 O）大量流失的热点地区，可能排放量很高。归因于泥炭地交替的地下水位，以及to木的共生二氮（N 2 ）固定作用将大量易于分解的氮（N）掺入生态系统。我们的研究解决了以下问题：排水在多大程度上增强了黑al木森林中N 2 O的排放，以及N周转过程和物理因素如何影响N 2 O的产生和总脱氮作用。该研究是在德国南部芬泥炭地的地下水枯竭的黑black木森林中进行的。使用密闭室法在两个排水位（D-1和D-2）和一个不排水位（U）测量N 2 O的通量。测定了无机氮含量和净矿化率（NNM）。此外，还进行了实验室培养实验，研究了在不同温度和土壤湿度条件下的温室气体和N 2 通量。观察到明显不同的无机氮含量和NNM速率，但并没有导致N < sub> 2 O通量，但在实验室实验中确实如此。在所有地点测得的N 2 O通量均较低，年总排放量分别为0.51±0.07（U），0.97±0.13（D-1）和0.93±0.08 kg N 2 O–N ha ？1 yr -1 （D-2）。泥炭温度和地下水位只能解释N 2 O通量时空变化的37％，证明了N 2 O排放控制因素之间的复杂联系。但是，温度是进行培养实验的N 2 通量的关键变量之一。在培养试验中，增加土壤水分含量可增加总反硝化损失，而N 2 O通量保持恒定。在不排水的地点，发现永久性的高地下水位可防止净硝化作用，从而限制了可用硝酸盐（NO 3 -）和可忽略的气态Nloss。在温育实验中测得的N 2 O通量速率高达四倍。它们揭示了al水流失地点土壤物理条件变化时高N 2 损失的潜力。观察到高净硝化率和高NO 3 -内容物在排水部位有大量NO 3 -浸出的风险。

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