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Cellular mechanisms for cargo delivery and polarity maintenance at different polar domains in plant cells

机译：植物细胞中不同极性区域的货物递送和极性维持的细胞机制

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The asymmetric localization of proteins in the plasma membrane domains of eukaryotic cells is a fundamental manifestation of cell polarity that is central to multicellular organization and developmental patterning. In plants, the mechanisms underlying the polar localization of cargo proteins are still largely unknown and appear to be fundamentally distinct from those operating in mammals. Here, we present a systematic, quantitative comparative analysis of the polar delivery and subcellular localization of proteins that characterize distinct polar plasma membrane domains in plant cells. The combination of microscopic analyses and computational modeling revealed a mechanistic framework common to diverse polar cargos and underlying the establishment and maintenance of apical, basal, and lateral polar domains in plant cells. This mechanism depends on the polar secretion, constitutive endocytic recycling, and restricted lateral diffusion of cargos within the plasma membrane. Moreover, our observations suggest that polar cargo distribution involves the individual protein potential to form clusters within the plasma membrane and interact with the extracellular matrix. Our observations provide insights into the shared cellular mechanisms of polar cargo delivery and polarity maintenance in plant cells.
机译：蛋白质在真核细胞质膜结构域中的不对称定位是细胞极性的基本表现，这是多细胞组织和发育模式的核心。在植物中，货物蛋白的极性定位的基本机制仍然是未知的，并且似乎与在哺乳动物中起作用的机制根本不同。在这里，我们目前对蛋白质的极性传递和亚细胞定位进行系统，定量的比较分析，这些蛋白表征了植物细胞中不同的极性质膜结构域。微观分析和计算模型的结合揭示了各种极性货物共有的机制框架，并为植物细胞中顶，基和侧向极性域的建立和维持奠定了基础。该机制取决于极性分泌，组成型内吞再循环和质膜内货物的横向扩散受限。此外，我们的观察结果表明，极性货物的分布涉及单个蛋白质的潜力，以在质膜内形成簇并与细胞外基质相互作用。我们的观察结果提供了对植物细胞中极性货物运输和极性维持的共享细胞机制的见解。

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