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Structural fire resistance: Rating system manifests crude, inconsistent design

机译：结构耐火性：评级系统表明设计粗糙，不一致

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This paper highlights a shortcoming in the current system of structural fire resistance design, proposes how it can be addressed and shows how the perceived barriers to change can be overcome. It is an opinion piece intended to stimulate discussion. Whilst structural fire engineering knowledge may be relatively underdeveloped compared to other engineering disciplines, the industry has made great progress in recent decades in understanding and analysing fire behaviour and the response of structures, as well as developing fire protection products that can be accurately specified to meet performance criteria. In addition, through modern fire and risk engineering there are also methods to establish the appropriate fire resistance rating for a building (or element) based on risk profile, fire loading, building fabric and potential ventilation amongst other things. It is the objective of many within the industry for structural fire engineering to become an integrated part of the design process, ultimately leading to safer and more efficient structures. However, this paper questions whether current structural fire resistance design methods achieve the consistent level of crudeness required for this, or whether the means by which structural performance in fire is quantified, standard fire resistance, represents a weak link that undermines the entire process. Although the concept of standard fire resistance, benchmarked against performance under normalised furnace test heating regimes, is useful in that it allows for the comparison necessary to safeguard consistency across products, design methods and geographies, the historic 15-min fire resistance increments (for example 60, 75, 90min) result in inconsistent levels of safety. Refined grades, as in fact already allowed under fire resistance testing standards, would yield significant benefits for reliability and design efficiency. The paper uses hypothetical case studies to exhibit the merits of refined fire resistance grades and explains how implementing the enhanced classification system may be readily achievable.
机译：本文着重指出了当前结构耐火设计体系中的一个缺陷，提出了如何解决该问题的方法，并展示了如何克服感知的变化障碍。这是一个意见书，旨在激发讨论。尽管与其他工程学科相比，结构消防工程知识可能相对欠发达，但在近几十年来，行业在理解和分析火灾行为和结构响应以及开发可精确指定以符合要求的消防产品方面取得了长足进步性能标准。另外，通过现代消防和风险工程，还存在基于风险特征，火灾负荷，建筑结构和潜在通风等为建筑物（或构件）建立适当耐火等级的方法。行业内许多人的目标是使结构消防工程成为设计过程中不可或缺的一部分，最终导致更安全，更高效的结构。但是，本文质疑当前的结构耐火设计方法是否达到了为此所需的一致的粗度水平，或者量化耐火结构性能的方法（标准耐火性）是否代表破坏整个过程的薄弱环节。尽管以标准的耐火性概念为基准，以标准化炉试验加热条件下的性能为基准，它的有用之处在于可以进行必要的比较，以确保产品，设计方法和地区之间的一致性，以及历史性的15分钟耐火性增量（例如60、75、90分钟）会导致安全级别不一致。耐火测试标准中实际上已经允许使用的精制等级，将在可靠性和设计效率方面带来巨大的好处。本文使用假设的案例研究来展示改进的耐火等级的优点，并解释了如何易于实现增强的分类系统。

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