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首页> 外文期刊>Central European Forestry Journal >Influence of selected factors on bark beetle outbreak dynamics in the Western Carpathians
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Influence of selected factors on bark beetle outbreak dynamics in the Western Carpathians

机译：选择因素对西喀尔巴阡树皮甲虫暴发动态的影响

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摘要

In the period from 1992 to 2013, more than 3.8 million m3 of spruce wood from an area of 55 thousand ha of forests in the Kysuce region (Western Carpathians) was affected by bark beetles. This region has had the highest volume of salvage fellings in Slovakia. While before 1991, bark-beetle outbreak usually occurred after snow and wind disturbances, since 1992 they have occurred in the years with extremely warm and dry growing seasons and the years following them. These years were also characterised by high volumes of wood affected by honey fungus (Armillaria spp.), which only rarely took part in the calamities before 1992. Extreme deterioration of the situation occurred after 2003. In fragmented and sparse stands, the volume of wood damaged by wind increased. Artificial origin of spruce stands, their high occurrence, high age and even-agedness are likely pre-disposing factors of spruce forest decline. Bark beetles have become the most important factor of spruce decline. The most important factors driving the bark beetle attack on forest stands in the period 1973–2013 were the amount of unprocessed wood in the previous year; the amount of wood affected by honey fungus, precipitation total, and average temperature in the current growing season. Another important factor that complicated the situation was also the inferior quality of forest management.
机译：在1992年至2013年期间，Kysuce地区（西喀尔巴阡山脉）的5.5万公顷森林中有380万m 3 云杉木材受到树皮甲虫的影响。该地区的砍伐砍伐量是斯洛伐克最高的。在1991年之前，树皮甲虫的暴发通常在雪和风扰动之后发生，自1992年以来，它们发生在生长季节极其温暖和干燥的年份及其后年份。这些年的特点还在于大量木材受到蜂蜜真菌（Armillaria spp。）的影响，1992年之前很少参与这场灾难。2003年之后情况急剧恶化。在零散而稀疏的林分中，木材的数量被风损坏的数量增加。云杉林的人工起源，高发生率，高年龄和均匀年龄可能是云杉林退化的诱发因素。树皮甲虫已成为云杉下降的最重要因素。 1973年至2013年期间，导致树皮甲虫袭击森林林分的最重要因素是前一年未加工的木材数量。当前生长季节受蜂蜜真菌影响的木材数量，总降水量和平均温度。使情况复杂化的另一个重要因素也是森林经营质量低劣。

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