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Governos e sociedades locais em contextos de desigualdades e de descentraliza??o

机译：不平等和权力下放背景下的地方政府和社会

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摘要

Brazil became a highly decentralized country as compared to other federal countries following redemocratization. Decentralization has changed intergovernmental relations as well as the role played by local governments and local societies. However, and despite the existence of many studies on decentralization, the results of decentralization are rarely analyzed vis-à-vis the country's inter- and intra-regional inequalities. This article argues that the results of decentralization in highly unequal polities are contradictory. On the one hand, decentralization creates incentives for the federal government to negotiate and compromise with subnational spheres the decision and the implementation of public policies. Decentralization also creates incentives for greater participation of local governments in the provision of social services and in the adoption of participatory policies at the local level. These features, however, make the relations between different levels of government and between local government and local citizens more complex. On the other hand, the Brazilian experience of decentralization with inequality brings about the constraints and the limits of decentralization in countries historically rooted in social and regional inequalities.
机译：与民主化之后的其他联邦国家相比，巴西成为高度分散的国家。分权化改变了政府间关系以及地方政府和地方社会的作用。但是，尽管存在许多关于权力下放的研究，但很少针对国家间和区域内的不平等现象来分析权力下放的结果。本文认为，在高度不平等的政体中权力下放的结果是矛盾的。一方面，权力下放为联邦政府与地方政府进行谈判和妥协提供了动力，以决定和执行公共政策。分权化也激励地方政府更多地参与提供社会服务和在地方一级采用参与性政策。但是，这些特征使各级政府之间以及地方政府与当地公民之间的关系更加复杂。另一方面，巴西不平等分权的经验给历史上根植于社会和地区不平等的国家带来了分权和制约。

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