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Fit for purpose? Transforming National Meteorological and Hydrological Services into National Climate Service Centers

机译：适合目的吗？将国家气象水文部门转变为国家气候服务中心

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Climate services are becoming an important strategy for delivering climate information to users around the world. In many countries, National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs) are charged with providing climate services to diverse audiences. Climate services are important to foster adaptation to climate risks and in reducing vulnerability in developing world contexts. However, the production and delivery of user-oriented climate services place new burdens on NMHSs and require new skillsets, partnerships, and infrastructure. In this paper, we assess the capabilities of 22 NMHSs in Caribbean Small Island Developing States (SIDS) to understand whether and how NMHSs are fit for the purpose of providing climate services. Our assessment is framed around the five core pillars of the World Meteorological Organization’s Global Framework for Climate Services. We find that the NMHSs face key capacity gaps in the technical production, translation, transfer, and facilitation of the use of climate information. Some of these gaps have historical roots and relate to the overarching legal, political, and institutional settings in which NMHSs were established and currently operate. Others relate to an increased emphasis on users in ways that contrast with traditional NMHSs’ engagement with stakeholders. These results suggest that investments that support the co-production of climate information while also addressing prevailing legal, political, and institutional disconnects and human resource constraints can strengthen the provision of climate services in Caribbean SIDS.
机译：气候服务正在成为向全球用户提供气候信息的重要策略。在许多国家/地区，国家气象水文部门（NMHS）负责为不同的受众提供气候服务。气候服务对于促进适应气候风险和减少发展中国家环境中的脆弱性至关重要。但是，面向用户的气候服务的生产和交付给NMHS带来了新的负担，并需要新的技能，伙伴关系和基础设施。在本文中，我们评估了加勒比小岛屿发展中国家（SIDS）的22个NMHS的能力，以了解NMHS是否以及如何适合于提供气候服务。我们的评估围绕世界气象组织全球气候服务框架的五个核心支柱进行。我们发现，NMHS在技术生产，翻译，转让和使用气候信息的便利化方面面临关键的能力缺口。这些差距中的某些差距具有历史根源，并且与建立和运行NMHS的总体法律，政治和体制环境有关。其他问题则与传统NMHS与利益相关者的参与形成鲜明对比的是，人们越来越重视用户。这些结果表明，支持共同生产气候信息，同时解决当前法律，政治和体制方面的脱节和人力资源限制的投资，可以加强加勒比小岛屿发展中国家的气候服务。

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