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首页> 外文期刊>Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology >Melanoma risk perception and prevention behavior among African-Americans: the minority melanoma paradox
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Melanoma risk perception and prevention behavior among African-Americans: the minority melanoma paradox

机译：非裔美国人对黑色素瘤的风险感知和预防行为：少数黑色素瘤悖论

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Introduction: Melanoma is the most deadly type of skin cancer with 75% of all skin cancer deaths within the US attributed to it. Risk factors for melanoma include ultraviolet exposure, genetic predisposition, and phenotypic characteristics (eg, fair skin and blond hair). Whites have a 27-fold higher incidence of melanoma than African-Americans (AA), but the 5-year survival is 17.8% lower for AA than Whites. It is reported continuously that AA have more advanced melanomas at diagnosis, and overall lower survival rates. This minority melanoma paradox is not well understood or studied. Objective: To explore further, the possible explanations for the difference in melanoma severity and survival in AA within the US. Methods: Qualitative review of the literature. Results: Lack of minority-targeted public education campaigns, low self-risk perception, low self-skin examinations, intrinsic virulence, vitamin D differences, and physician mistrust may play a role in the melanoma survival disparity among AA. Conclusion: Increases in public awareness of melanoma risk among AA through physician and media-guided education, higher index of suspicion among individuals and physicians, and policy changes can help to improve early detection and close the melanoma disparity gap in the future.
机译：简介：黑色素瘤是最致命的皮肤癌类型，在美国占所有皮肤癌死亡人数的75％。黑色素瘤的危险因素包括紫外线照射，遗传易感性和表型特征（例如，白皙的皮肤和金色的头发）。白人的黑色素瘤发病率比非裔美国人（AA）高27倍，但AA的5年生存率比白人低17.8％。不断有报道说，AA在诊断时具有更晚期的黑色素瘤，并且总体上具有较低的存活率。这种少数黑色素瘤悖论尚未得到很好的理解或研究。目的：为进一步探讨美国境内AA黑色素瘤严重程度和生存率差异的可能解释。方法：对文献进行定性审查。结果：缺乏针对少数群体的公共教育活动，低自我风险感知，低自我皮肤检查，内在毒力，维生素D差异和医师不信任可能是导致机管局黑色素瘤生存差异的原因。结论：通过医师和媒体指导的教育，提高了机管局对黑素瘤风险的公众意识，个人和医师之间的怀疑指数更高，以及政策的变化可以帮助改善早期发现并缩小黑素瘤之间的差距。

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