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Education, health, and labor force supply: Broadening human capital for national development in Malawi

机译：教育，卫生和劳动力供应：扩大人力资本，促进马拉维的国家发展

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Education and health are both capital investments in national development, often viewed as independent factors on a country’s labor force supply and productivity. This study uses the 2010–2011 Third Integrated Household Survey in Malawi to propose an Education-enhanced Health Human Capital (EHHC) model where education influences labor force supply directly as well as indirectly through improvements in adult health. Relative to the Health Human Capital (HHC) model, the EHHC model better fits the available data, capturing the multiple effects of education. A national economic simulation of the 2013 age 13 cohort in Malawi confirms the importance of education as a tool for national development. Specifically, if the mean education of the age 13 cohort increased from the present national mean to the completion of secondary school, the total effects of education would lead to a predicted increase in annual tax revenue of 580 million Malawian Kwacha.
机译：教育和卫生都是国家发展的资本投资，通常被视为一国劳动力供应和生产率的独立因素。这项研究使用了2010-2011年马拉维的第三次综合家庭调查，提出了一种教育增强型健康人力资本（EHHC）模型，其中教育直接或通过改善成人健康间接影响劳动力供应。相对于卫生人力资本（HHC）模型，EHHC模型更好地拟合了可用数据，从而捕获了教育的多种效果。马拉维2013年13岁队列的国家经济模拟结果证实了教育作为国家发展工具的重要性。具体而言，如果将13岁年龄组的平均教育水平从目前的全国平均水平提高到中学毕业，教育的总体效果将导致预计每年增加5.8亿马拉维克瓦查的税收。

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