Animal Well-Being III. An Overview of Assessment

Clark J. Derrell; Rager Dawn R.; Calpin Janet P.

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Animal Well-Being III. An Overview of Assessment

机译：动物福祉III。评估概述

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Assessmentofanimalwell-beingisacomplexmatter.Itisdifficulttoestablishacausallinkbetweenstimuliandinternalstatebecauseofnumerousvariablesandthetimeintervalbetweencauseandeffect.Manystudiesdocumentacorrelationratherthanacausalrelationshipamongstimuli,responses,andsubsequenthealth,disease,ormentalstate.Researchobjectivesareoftenvague,thechoiceofassessmentparametersisperplexing,andtheresultsaredifficulttointerpret.Ingeneral,animalwell-beingcannotbeassesseddirectly.Therearenostandardizedmethodsorspecificendpointsthatprovideanobjectivedetermination.Overtchangesinphysicalandpsychologicalfunctionsoccuronlyaftertheanimalhasexperiencedaprepathologicstate.Ananimal'sresponsetogeneralarousal,life'sevents,andaversivestimulidependsonanintegratedactivationofvariousneuralandendocrinefactors.Avarietyofphysiologic,biochemical,andbehavioralcharacteristicschangewhenananimalisexposedtoaversivesituationsandstimuli,althoughmanyalsochangewiththeonsetofpositivegeneralarousal,suchasplay,pleasantexperiences,andsexualexcitement.Thereisaneedtoevaluatenumerouscriteria(e.g.,performance,clinicalstate,neurochemistry,endocrinology,immunology,morphology,behavior,andethology)tocompileacompletementalandbiologicalprofileofanimals.Thevarioussystems,processes,andindividualspecificresponsesareinterrelatedandinteractinawell-structuredmanner.Giventhecomplexityofthetopicandthedisparatedisciplinesinvolved,developingacomprehensiveunderstandingofanimalwell-beingisnotstraightforward.Consequently,observersshouldbecautious.Foremostinanydeterminationofanimalwell-beingisassurancethatcriteriabeingusedarerelevanttowell-being.

机译：Assessmentofanimalwell-beingisacomplexmatter.Itisdifficulttoestablishacausallinkbetweenstimuliandinternalstatebecauseofnumerousvariablesandthetimeintervalbetweencauseandeffect.Manystudiesdocumentacorrelationratherthanacausalrelationshipamongstimuli，响应，andsubsequenthealth，疾病，ormentalstate.Researchobjectivesareoftenvague，thechoiceofassessmentparametersisperplexing，andtheresultsaredifficulttointerpret.Ingeneral，animalwell-beingcannotbeassesseddirectly.Therearenostandardizedmethodsorspecificendpointsthatprovideanobjectivedetermination.Overtchangesinphysicalandpsychologicalfunctionsoccuronlyaftertheanimalhasexperiencedaprepathologicstate.Ananimal'sresponsetogeneralarousal，life'sevents，andaversivestimulidependsonanintegratedactivationofvariousneuralandendocrinefactors.Avarietyofphysiologic，生化，andbehavioralcharacteristicschangewhenananimalisexposedtoaversivesituationsandstimuli，althoughmanyalsochangewiththeonsetofpositivegeneralarousal，例如玩耍，愉快的经历和xualexcitement.Thereisaneedtoevaluatenumerouscriteria（例如，性能，clinicalstate，神经化学，内分泌学，免疫学，形态学，行为，andethology）tocompileacompletementalandbiologicalprofileofanimals.Thevarioussystems，过程，andindividualspecificresponsesareinterrelatedandinteractinawell-structuredmanner.Giventhecomplexityofthetopicandthedisparatedisciplinesinvolved，developingacomprehensiveunderstandingofanimalwell-beingisnotstraightforward.Consequently，observersshouldbecautious.Foremostinanydeterminationofanimalwell-beingisassurancethatcriteriabeingusedarerelevanttowell感。

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《Comparative Medicine》 |1997年第6期|共页
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Clark J. Derrell; Rager Dawn R.; Calpin Janet P.;
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中图分类畜牧、动物医学、狩猎、蚕、蜂;
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Animal Well-Being III. An Overview of Assessment

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