Induction of Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus in Laboratory Rats by Use of Alloxan: Route of Administration, Pitfalls, and Insulin Treatment

Federiuk; Isaac F.; nbsp; Casey; Heather M.; nbsp; Quinn; Matthew J.; nbsp; Wood; Michael D.; nbsp; Ward; Kenneth W.

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Induction of Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus in Laboratory Rats by Use of Alloxan: Route of Administration, Pitfalls, and Insulin Treatment

机译：使用四氧嘧啶在实验大鼠中诱导1型糖尿病：给药途径，陷阱和胰岛素治疗

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Uncertaintieshaveexistedregardingthesystematicinductionandmanagementofdrug-induceddiabetesmellitus(DM).Issueshaveincludedtheoptimalrouteofadministrationofthedrug,methodsofreducingdrugtoxicosisandmortality,howtoinducetype-1versustype-2DM,andhowtomanagelabileDMinrats.Inattemptingtoinducetype-1DMinSprague-Dawleyrats,weclassifiedhyperglycemicanimalsashavingtype-1DMonlyiftheirpost-treatmentbloodketoneconcentrationwashigh.Wefoundthatmultipledosesofalloxanledtosignificantlyhighermortalitythandidasingledose.Asinglehighdose(200mg/kgofbodyweightgivenintraperitoneally)wasthebesttreatmentandledto70%incidenceoftype-1DMandonly10%mortality.Incontrast,intravenousadministrationofsimilardoseswastoxic.Assiduousmanagementofalloxan-inducedDMiscrucialtoavoidseverehypoglycemiafrommassiveinsulinreleaseandtoavoiddiabeticketoacidosis.Frequentglucosemonitoringandappropriateadministrationofcarbohydrateandfluidsisnecessaryduringthisstage.Forlong-termmanagement,dailyadministrationoflong-actinginsulin(glargine)appearstobesafeandeffective.Rapid-actinginsulinsreduceglucoseconcentrationrapidly,andmustbeusedwithcaution.Ifspecificprecautionsareobserved,intraperitonealadministrationofhigh-dosealloxantolaboratoryratsleadstoaconditionthatcloselyresembleshumantype-1DM.

机译：Uncertaintieshaveexistedregardingthesystematicinductionandmanagementofdrug-induceddiabetesmellitus（DM）.Issueshaveincludedtheoptimalrouteofadministrationofthedrug，methodsofreducingdrugtoxicosisandmortality，howtoinducetype-1versustype-2DM，andhowtomanagelabileDMinrats.Inattemptingtoinducetype-1DMinSprague-Dawleyrats，weclassifiedhyperglycemicanimalsashavingtype-1DMonlyiftheirpost-treatmentbloodketoneconcentrationwashigh.Wefoundthatmultipledosesofalloxanledtosignificantlyhighermortalitythandidasingledose.Asinglehighdose（200毫克/ kgofbodyweightgivenintraperitoneally）wasthebesttreatmentandledto70％incidenceoftype-1DMandonly10％mortality.Incontrast，intravenousadministrationofsimilardoseswastoxic严格的管理，由三氧氟沙星引起的DM避免从大量胰岛素释放和避免糖尿病性酮症酸中毒引起的严重低血糖。在此阶段需要频繁进行糖分监测和适当的碳水化合物和流体管理。安全有效。快速作用的胰岛素可迅速降低葡萄糖浓度，并且必须谨慎使用。如果采取特殊的预防措施，腹腔内给予高剂量的异黄酮修饰的大鼠可能导致类似于人型1DM的情况。

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《Comparative Medicine》 |2004年第3期|共页
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Federiuk; Isaac F.; nbsp; Casey; Heather M.; nbsp; Quinn; Matthew J.; nbsp; Wood; Michael D.; nbsp; Ward; Kenneth W.;
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中图分类畜牧、动物医学、狩猎、蚕、蜂;
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1. Induction of type-1 diabetes mellitus in laboratory rats by use of alloxan: Route of administration, pitfalls, and insulin treatment [J] . Federiuk IF, Casey HM, Quinn MJ, Comparative Medicine . 2004,第3期

机译：使用四氧嘧啶诱导实验大鼠的1型糖尿病：给药途径，陷阱和胰岛素治疗
2. Effects of Diabetes Mellitus Induced by Alloxan on the Pharmacokinetics of Metformin in Rats: Restoration of Pharmacokinetic Parameters to the Control State by Insulin Treatment [J] . Myung G. Lee, Young H Choi, Inchul Lee Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences . 2008,第1期

机译：四氧嘧啶引起的糖尿病对大鼠二甲双胍药代动力学的影响：胰岛素治疗将药代动力学参数恢复至控制状态
3. Different routes of insulin administration do not influence serum free thiols in type 1 diabetes mellitus [J] . Peter R. van Dijk, Femke Waanders, Susan J. J. Logtenberg, Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism . 2019,第4期

机译：胰岛素的不同给药途径不会影响1型糖尿病的血清游离巯基
4. TITLE: 6-month administration of Oral Insulin at Lunchtime in Juvenile Type-1 DM Subjects on Basal Glargine Insulin and Pre-Breakfast and Pre-Dinner Regular Insulin [C] . Jaime Guevara-Aguirre, Marco Guevara-Aguirre, Jeannette Saavedra, Controlled Release Society Annual Meeting and Exposition . 2007

机译：标题：午餐时间为1型DM少年受试者接受基础甘草碱胰岛素和早餐前和晚餐前常规胰岛素的口服胰岛素治疗，为期6个月
5. Acute effects of a single bout of resistance exercise on insulin sensitivity in persons with Type-1 diabetes mellitus. [D] . Jimenez, Carolyn C. 2002

机译：单次抵抗运动对1型糖尿病患者胰岛素敏感性的急性影响。
6. The effects of dosage and the routes of administrations of streptozotocin and alloxan on induction rate of type1 diabetes mellitus and mortality rate in rats [O] . Ataroalsadat Mostafavinia, Abdodlah Amini, Seyed Kamran Ghorishi, 2016

机译：链脲佐菌素和四氧嘧啶的剂量和给药途径对大鼠1型糖尿病的诱导率和死亡率的影响
7. Effects of Diabetes Mellitus Induced by Alloxan on the Pharmacokinetics of Metformin in Rats: Restoration of Pharmacokinetic Parameters to the Control State by Insulin Treatment [O] . Young Hee Choi, Myung Gull Lee, Inchul Lee 2013

机译：四氧嘧啶致糖尿病对大鼠二甲双胍药代动力学的影响：胰岛素治疗对药物动力学参数的恢复

Induction of Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus in Laboratory Rats by Use of Alloxan: Route of Administration, Pitfalls, and Insulin Treatment

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