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Splintrons in Giardia intestinalis

机译：贾第鞭毛虫肠裂

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The divergent eukaryotic unicellular organism Giardia intestinalis is an intestinal parasite in humans and various animals. An analysis of a draft genome sequence suggested that G. intestinalis has a much simpler genome organization and gene repertoire than those of other model eukaryotic organisms (e.g., Arabidopsis and human). This general picture of the G. intestinalis genome seemingly agrees with the fact that only four spliceosomal (cis -spliced) introns have been identified in this organism to date. We have recently shown that G. intestinalis possesses a unique gene expression system incorporating spliceosome-mediated trans -splicing. Some protein-coding genes in G. intestinalis are split into multiple pieces in the genome and each gene fragment is independently transcribed. Two particular pre-mRNAs directly interact with each other by forming an intermolecular-stem structure and are then trans -spliced into a mature mRNA by spliceosomes. We believe that this trans -splicing secondarily arose from the system that excises canonical (cis -splicing) introns. Based on these findings, we suspect that similar phenomena—split genes and post-transcriptional assemblage of their transcripts via trans -splicing—may be prevalent in more distinct eukaryotic lineages than previously known, particularly in organisms possessing ‘intron-poor’ genomes.
机译：发散的真核单细胞生物小肠贾第鞭毛虫是人类和各种动物的肠道寄生虫。对基因组序列草案的分析表明，肠球菌比其他模型真核生物（例如拟南芥和人）具有更简单的基因组组织和基因库。 G的一般图片。肠道基因组似乎与以下事实相符：迄今为止，在该生物中仅鉴定出四个剪接体（顺式剪接）内含子。我们最近显示了 G。小肠具有结合剪接体介导的反式剪接的独特基因表达系统。 G中的一些蛋白质编码基因。小肠在基因组中分为多个部分，每个基因片段均独立转录。两个特定的前mRNA通过形成分子间的茎结构直接相互相互作用，然后通过剪接体反式剪接成成熟的mRNA。我们认为，这种反式剪接是第二个原因，该系统切除了典范（顺式剪接）内含子。根据这些发现，我们怀疑类似的现象（通过反式剪接分裂基因和转录本的转录后组装）可能比以前已知的更独特，在真核生物谱系中普遍存在，特别是在“内含子较弱”的生物中基因组。

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