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首页> 外文期刊>Communicative & Integrative Biology >Genetically encoded force sensors for measuring mechanical forces in proteins
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Genetically encoded force sensors for measuring mechanical forces in proteins

机译：基因编码的力传感器，用于测量蛋白质中的机械力

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There are three sources of free energy for cells: chemical potential, electrical potential and mechanical potential. There is little known about the last one since there have not been simple ways to measure stress in proteins in cells. We have now developed genetically encoded force sensors to assess the stress in fibrous proteins in living cells. These FRET based fluorescence sensors can be read out at video rates and provide real time maps of the stress distribution in cells, tissues and animals. The sensors can be inserted into specific proteins and in general do not disturb the normal function or anatomy. The original sensors used mutant GFPs linked by elastic linkers. These sensors provide a linear output with applied stress but the response is linear in strain. To improve contrast and dynamic range we have now developed a new class of sensors that are smaller making them less invasive, and have much higher intrinsic sensitivity since force modulates the angle between the donor and acceptor much more than the distance between them. Known as cpstFRET, the probe shows improved biocompatibility, wider dynamic range and higher sensitivity.
机译：细胞具有三种自由能：化学势，电势和机械势。关于最后一种方法知之甚少，因为没有简单的方法可以测量细胞中蛋白质的压力。现在，我们已经开发了遗传编码的力传感器，以评估活细胞中纤维蛋白的压力。这些基于FRET的荧光传感器可以视频速率读取，并提供细胞，组织和动物中应力分布的实时图。传感器可以插入特定的蛋白质中，通常不会干扰正常功能或解剖结构。最初的传感器使用通过弹性接头连接的突变GFP。这些传感器提供施加应力的线性输出，但响应在应变上呈线性。为了改善对比度和动态范围，我们现在开发了一种新型传感器，该传感器体积较小，因此侵入性较小，并且由于力对施主和受主之间的角度的调节远大于其与传感器之间的距离，因此具有更高的固有灵敏度。被称为cpstFRET的探针显示出改善的生物相容性，更宽的动态范围和更高的灵敏度。

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