Human parvovirus B19 can cause congenital infection with variable morbidity and mortality in the fetus and neonate. Although much information exists on the B19-specific antibody response in pregnant women, little information is available describing the cell-mediated immune (CMI) response at the maternal-fetal interface. The focus of this study was to characterize the CMI response within placentas from women who seroconverted to B19 during their pregnancies and compare it to controls. Immunohistochemical techniques were used to identify the various immune cells and the inflammatory cytokine present within placental tissue sections. Group 1 consisted of placentas from 25 women whose pregnancies were complicated by B19 infection; 6 women with good outcome (near-term or term delivery), and 19 with poor outcome (spontaneous abortion, nonimmune hydrops fetalis, or fetal death). Group 2 consisted of placentas from 20 women whose pregnancies were complicated with nonimmune hydrops fetalis of known, noninfectious etiology. Group 3 consisted of placentas from eight women whose pregnancies ended in either term delivery or elective abortion. The results of the study revealed a statistically significant increase in the number of CD3-positive T cells present within placentas from group 1 compared to group 2 or 3 (13.3 versus 2 and 1, respectively) (P < 0.001). In addition, the inflammatory cytokine interleukin 2 was detected in every placenta within group 1 but was absent from all placentas evaluated from groups 2 and 3. Together, these findings demonstrate evidence for an inflammation-mediated cellular immune response within placentas from women whose pregnancies are complicated with B19 infection.
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机译：人细小病毒B19可以导致先天性感染，其胎儿和新生儿的发病率和死亡率各不相同。尽管孕妇中有关B19特异性抗体反应的信息很多，但是很少有信息描述母胎界面的细胞介导的免疫（CMI）反应。这项研究的重点是表征在怀孕期间血清转化为B19的女性胎盘中的CMI反应，并将其与对照进行比较。免疫组织化学技术用于鉴定胎盘组织切片中存在的各种免疫细胞和炎性细胞因子。第一组由来自25例孕妇并发B19感染的胎盘组成; 6例预后良好（近期或足月分娩）的妇女，19例预后不良（自然流产，胎儿非免疫性积水或胎儿死亡）的妇女。第2组由来自20名孕妇的胎盘组成，这些孕妇合并了已知的非传染性病因的非免疫性积水胎儿。第三组包括来自八名孕妇的胎盘，她们的妊娠在足月分娩或选择性流产时均告结束。研究结果显示，与第2或第3组相比，第1组胎盘中CD3阳性T细胞的数量有统计学意义的增加（分别为13.3、2和1）（ P < 0.001）。此外，在第1组的每个胎盘中均检测到炎性细胞因子白介素2，但在第2组和第3组的所有胎盘中均未检测到。白细胞结合在一起，这些发现证明了妊娠妇女在胎盘中存在炎症介导的细胞免疫反应。并发B19感染。
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