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首页> 外文期刊>Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology >Compositional and Air-mass Trajectory Analysis ofa Heavy Dust Episode (HDE) Aerosols in Ile-Ife,Nigeria
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Compositional and Air-mass Trajectory Analysis ofa Heavy Dust Episode (HDE) Aerosols in Ile-Ife,Nigeria

机译：尼日利亚Ile-Ife的重度尘埃（HDE）气溶胶的组成和质量轨迹分析

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The prevalent problem of air pollution in Nigeria is attributable to the country’s huge population, put in excess 160 million and the trend of industrial growth. In 2010, the country witnessed a rare occurrence of 9-day period of heavy dust episode (HDE). The dust reduced visibility to < 1 km, causing cancellation of several flights. The aim of this study is to assess the level of aerosol mass loadings and, nature and sources of the HDE aerosols. Two fractions of particulate matter (PM) were collected for about two months including the period of the HDE. Samples were collected on Whatman polycarbonate filters using low-volume GENT sampler equipped with a stacked filter unit (SFU) to hold two 47 mm filters. 7-day back trajectory analysis was performed using UGAMP trajectory model driven by ECMWF wind analyses data. Morphological analysis of the PM was done using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), chemical compositions determined with Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) and particle number per unit area of filter (particle density) was estimated using optical microscopy. The range of mass concentration of PM_(2.5), PM_(2.5-10) and PM_(10) are 1.24 – 58.7, 5.1 – 354.9 and 8.33 – 379.2 μg m~(-3), respectively. EDX detected twelve (12) elements: Fe, Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, K, P, Cl, Ca, Mo and O. Elements of crustal origin (Si, Al, Fe, Ca and Mg) account for a high percentage of the elemental composition of the PM. Four distinct classes of particles - mineral dust, NaCl containing agglomerate, Calcium-rich dust and alumina-silicate - were identified from the morphological and compositional analysis of the PM. From the backward trajectory analyses, most of the crustal components of the HDE dust can be attributed to long-range dust transport from North Africa and the Sahel region, while maritime aerosols are attributable to the marine environment in the Atlantic, down South.
机译：尼日利亚普遍存在的空气污染问题归因于该国庞大的人口，超过1.6亿的人口以及工业增长的趋势。在2010年，该国发生了为期9天的重尘事件（HDE）的罕见事件。灰尘使能见度降低至<1公里，导致取消了几次飞行。这项研究的目的是评估气溶胶质量负荷水平，以及HDE气溶胶的性质和来源。在大约两个月的时间内（包括HDE期间）收集了两部分颗粒物（PM）。使用配备有堆叠式过滤器单元（SFU）的低容量GENT采样器，在Whatman聚碳酸酯过滤器上收集样品，以容纳两个47 mm的过滤器。使用ECMWF风分析数据驱动的UGAMP轨迹模型进行了7天的后向轨迹分析。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对PM进行形态分析，通过能量色散X射线（EDX）确定化学成分，并使用光学显微镜估算每单位面积过滤器的颗粒数（颗粒密度）。 PM_（2.5），PM_（2.5-10）和PM_（10）的质量浓度范围分别为1.24 – 58.7、5.1 – 354.9和8.33 – 379.2μgm〜（-3）。 EDX检测到十二（12）种元素：Fe，Na，Mg，Al，Si，S，K，P，Cl，Ca，Mo和O。地壳元素（Si，Al，Fe，Ca和Mg）占PM的元素组成比例很高。从颗粒物的形态和成分分析中，鉴定出四种不同类别的颗粒-矿物粉尘，含NaCl的团聚物，富钙粉尘和硅酸铝。从向后的轨迹分析来看，HDE尘埃的大部分地壳成分可归因于从北非和萨赫勒地区进行的远距离尘埃运输，而海洋气溶胶可归因于大西洋南部的海洋环境。

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