Political Activism 2.0: Comparing the Role of Social Media in Egypt’s “Facebook Revolution” and Iran’s “Twitter Uprising”

Mohammed El-Nawawy; Sahar Khamis

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Political Activism 2.0: Comparing the Role of Social Media in Egypt’s “Facebook Revolution” and Iran’s “Twitter Uprising”

机译：政治行动主义2.0：比较社交媒体在埃及的“ Facebook革命”和伊朗的“ Twitter起义”中的作用

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Socialmedia,particularlyblogging,FacebookandTwitter,haveplayedakeyroleininstigating,acceleratingandevenorganizingsomeoftheuprisingsandrevolutionsthathavebeentakingplaceallovertheMiddleEast.Thisrolehasbeeneffectiveingalvanizingtheyouthandempoweringthemintheirfightsagainstrepressiveregimesandtheirplightformorefreedomandindependence.Thisstudylooksintothesocialmediaroleintheso-called“Facebookrevolution”,whichtookplaceinEgyptinJanuary2011andtheso-called“Twitteruprising”,whichtookplaceinIraninJune2009.TheEgyptianrevolutiondidsucceedintopplingtheregime,whiletheIranianuprisingfailed.WhydidthecallsforpoliticalchangethatstartedinthevirtualworldleadtoactualchangeintherealworldinEgyptbutnotinIran?ThisstudyaddressesthisquestionbyprovidingacriticalanalysisoftheavailableliteratureandinterviewswithonlineactivistsinEgyptandIran.TheauthorsusedtheSPINmodel(Segmentation,polycentrism,integrationandnetworking)asatheoreticalframeworkandconcludedthatthemodelhelpedsocialmediasucceedinEgypt,butnotinIran.

机译：社会化媒体，particularlyblogging，FacebookandTwitter，haveplayedakeyroleininstigating，acceleratingandevenorganizingsomeoftheuprisingsandrevolutionsthathavebeentakingplaceallovertheMiddleEast.Thisrolehasbeeneffectiveingalvanizingtheyouthandempoweringthemintheirfightsagainstrepressiveregimesandtheirplightformorefreedomandindependence.Thisstudylooksintothesocialmediaroleintheso所谓的“Facebookrevolution”，whichtookplaceinEgyptinJanuary2011andtheso所谓“Twitteruprising”，whichtookplaceinIraninJune2009.TheEgyptianrevolutiondidsucceedintopplingtheregime，whiletheIranianuprisingfailed.WhydidthecallsforpoliticalchangethatstartedinthevirtualworldleadtoactualchangeintherealworldinEgyptbutnotinIran？ThisstudyaddressesthisquestionbyprovidingacriticalanalysisoftheavailableliteratureandinterviewswithonlineactivistsinEgyptandIran.TheauthorsusedtheSPINmodel（分割，多中心，integrationandnetworking）asatheoreticalframeworkandconcludedthatthemodelhelpedsocialmediasucceedinEgypt，butnotinIran。

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《CyberOrient : Online Journal of the Virtual Middle East》 |2017年第1期|共页
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Mohammed El-Nawawy; Sahar Khamis;
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1. Political Activism 2.0: Comparing the Role of Social Media in Egypt’s “Facebook Revolution” and Iran’s “Twitter Uprising” [J] . Mohammed El Nawawy, Sahar Khamis CyberOrient : Online Journal of the Virtual Middle East . 2012,第1期

机译：政治行动主义2.0：比较社交媒体在埃及的“ Facebook革命”和伊朗的“ Twitter起义”中的作用
2. Perceptual processes and political participation: Do the presumed reach and the presumed influence of social media affect political activities via Facebook and Twitter? [J] . Bernhard Uli, Dohle Marco Communications . 2018,第4期

机译：感知过程和政治参与：社交媒体的推测影响力和推测影响是否会影响通过Facebook和Twitter进行的政治活动？
3. The relationship between passive and active non-political social media use and political expression on Facebook and Twitter [J] . Yu Rebecca Ping Computers in Human Behavior . 2016,第May期

机译：被动和主动非政治社交媒体使用与Facebook和Twitter上政治表达之间的关系
4. Social Media and Political Participation: Are Facebook, Twitter and YouTube Democratizing Our Political Systems? [C] . Robin Effing, Jos van Hillegersberg, Theo Huibers IFIP WG 8.5 International Conference on Electronic Participation . 2011

机译：社交媒体和政治参与：是Facebook，Twitter和YouTube民主化我们的政治系统吗？
5. Revolution 2.0---the political impact of Internet and Social Media proliferation in authoritarian countries. [D] . Wenker, Nicolas Laurent. 2012

机译：革命2.0-互联网和社会媒体在威权国家的政治影响。
6. Is Political Activism on Social Media an initiator of Psychological Stress? [O] . Aliya Hisam, Iqra Safoor, Nawal Khurshid, 2017

机译：社会媒体上的政治行动主义是心理压力的发起者吗？
7. The role of Facebook and Twitter in generating social and political change during The Arab ‘spring’ Uprisings of udTunisia and Egypt [O] . Mesawa MT 100

机译：在阿拉伯“春天”起义期间，Facebook和Twitter在社会和政治变革中的作用突尼斯和埃及
8. Social Media and the Arab Spring: How Facebook, Twitter, and Camera Phones Changed the Egyptian Army's Response to Revolution. [R] . Barnsby, R. E. 2012

机译：社交媒体和阿拉伯之春：Facebook，Twitter和相机手机如何改变埃及军队对革命的反应。

Political Activism 2.0: Comparing the Role of Social Media in Egypt’s “Facebook Revolution” and Iran’s “Twitter Uprising”

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