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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Universitatis Danubius. Oeconomica >Dynamic Linkages between International Trade, Gross Fixed Capital Formation, Total Labor Force and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan
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Dynamic Linkages between International Trade, Gross Fixed Capital Formation, Total Labor Force and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan

机译：国际贸易，固定资本形成总额，总劳动力与经济增长之间的动态联系：来自巴基斯坦的经验证据

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Objectives The objective of the study is to examine the long-run relationship between international trade, gross fixed capital formation, total labor force ad economic growth in the context of Pakistan. Prior Work Although the positive association between international trade and economic growth has been widely investigated in different economic settings, however, the findings in developing countries are still inconclusive. Approach This study analyzed the impact of trade openness on Pakistan’s economic growth during a period of 1980 – 2017. The total labor force and gross fixed capital formation are served as control variables in this study. The study employed Johansen cointegration and Granger causality test for robust inferences. Implications The results confirm the growth-led trade hypothesis in a given country. The results further show a unidirectional causality running from i) trade openness to gross fixed capital formation and ii) total labor to economic growth. The study proposed a number of policy implications to diffuse trade openness in a given country for long-term sustained growth. Value The study has a novel contribution in the existing literature by including labor and capital in the trade-growth modeling to analyze endogenous production function, which is imperative for country’s long-term growth.
机译：目的本研究的目的是检验在巴基斯坦背景下国际贸易，固定资本形成总额，总劳动力与经济增长之间的长期关系。先前的工作尽管已经在不同的经济环境中广泛研究了国际贸易与经济增长之间的正相关关系，但是，发展中国家的研究结果仍无定论。方法该研究分析了1980年至2017年期间贸易开放度对巴基斯坦经济增长的影响。本研究中的总劳动力和固定资本形成总额用作控制变量。该研究采用Johansen协整和Granger因果检验来进行可靠的推断。启示结果证实了特定国家中以增长为导向的贸易假设。结果进一步表明，单方面的因果关系是：i）贸易开放性到固定资本形成总额，ii）总劳动力到经济增长。该研究提出了一系列政策含义，以在给定国家分散贸易开放性以实现长期持续增长。价值该研究通过将劳动力和资本纳入贸易增长模型来分析内生生产函数，这对国家的长期增长势在必行。

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