A family of hybrid organoinorganic silica-based particles with varied chemical natures and morphologies has been synthesized to test their ability to develop coatings with underwater hydrophobicity. The particles were characterized by elemental microanalysis, scanning electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering to evaluate the organic content, observe the morphology, and estimate the aggregate size, respectively. These morphologies were transferred into surface topographies by spraycoating dispersions made from the particles onto glass supports, resulting in coatings with an ample range of profiles and roughness but all of them being superhydrophobic. Atomic force microscopy and optical profilometry were used to map the coating surfaces and analyze the topography. Then, underwater hydrophobicity endurance was tested by immersion under a 2 cm 20 °C water column perpendicular to circular glass supports coated with the particles. The so-called mirror effect derived from the occurrence of the primary plastron (continuous air layer occluded between the surface and the water) was observed on the surface of all of the coatings tested. Apart from the dependency of plastrons on the water temperature and substrate shape, the plastron quality and lifetime is notably different depending on the particle morphology and thus on the coating topography. These experiments have demonstrated that the most persistent mirror effects, and therefore underwater superhydrophobicity, were produced on coatings that exhibited the smoothest topographies at the micrometric scale. In addition, these particle-only coatings can be made mechanically stable and robust by blending with a polymer matrix.
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机译：已经合成了具有多种化学性质和形态的杂化有机无机二氧化硅基颗粒家族，以测试其开发具有水下疏水性的涂层的能力。通过元素显微分析，扫描电子显微镜和动态光散射对颗粒进行表征，以分别评估有机物含量，观察形态和估算聚集体尺寸。通过将由颗粒制成的分散体喷涂到玻璃载体上，将这些形态转移到表面形貌上，从而形成具有足够范围的轮廓和粗糙度的涂层，但所有涂层都是超疏水性的。原子力显微镜和光学轮廓仪用于绘制涂层表面图并分析形貌。然后，通过在垂直于涂覆有颗粒的圆形玻璃载体的2 cm 20°C水柱中浸泡，测试水下疏水性。在所有测试涂层的表面上均观察到所谓的镜面效应，该镜面效应是由初级塑料（发生在表面和水之间的连续空气层）的出现而引起的。除了of纶对水温和基材形状的依赖性外，plast纶的质量和寿命显着不同，这取决于颗粒的形态以及涂层的形貌。这些实验已经证明，在微米尺度上表现出最平滑形貌的涂层上产生了最持久的镜面效果，因此产生了水下超疏水性。另外，这些仅颗粒的涂层可以通过与聚合物基质共混而制成机械稳定和坚固。
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