The study evaluated the prophylactic ligation of the median cubital vein to improve the patency of a radiocephalic fistula in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing hemodialysis. The study included a total of 38 ESRD patients undergoing arteriovenous fistula (AVF) surgery. Functional outcomes of the radiocephalic fistula were studied for six months by measuring primary patency rates. Out of 38 patients, 28 patients were cannulated at 20 days because of good flow and early maturation of the fistula. Revision AVF was performed on 4 patients after 3 months because of improper cannulation resulting in thrombosis of the cephalic vein. One patient underwent balloon angioplasty to maintain patency. Five patients discontinued the study. The primary patency rates for ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis with radio cephalic fistula were better after ligation of the median cubital vein.
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