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首页> 外文期刊>African Journal of Agricultural Research >Effect of deficit irrigation on yield and yield components of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) on Gezira clay soil, Sudan
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Effect of deficit irrigation on yield and yield components of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) on Gezira clay soil, Sudan

机译：苏丹Gezira黏土上亏缺灌溉对向日葵（Helianthus annuus L.）产量和产量构成的影响

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Sunflower has become an important crop for both farmers and consumers in Sudan. It is a crop that fits well in the local cropping system and is considered one of the most important oil crops of the country. Regular irrigation intervals could be reduced in order to increase total yield and maximize water productivity. In contrast prolonged irrigation intervals during sensitive growth stages may result in reduction in total yield. The application of water below the evapotranspiration requirements is termed deficit irrigation (DI). The experiments were conducted at Gezira Research Station, WadMedani, Sudan, in a randomized complete block design with three replications. In this study irrigation intervals every week (W) during the whole growing period, 10 days interval (F1), 15 days interval (F2) and 20 days interval (F3) after flowering stage and 10 days interval (S1), 15 days interval (S2) and 20 days interval (S3) after seed filling stage were applied to study the effect of full and deficit irrigation on yield and yield components of sunflower crop during the two growing periods 2011/12 and 2012/13. Results showed that water stress decreased the number of filled seeds per head, weight of full seed and seed yield. The highest seed yield of (3130 and 3140 kg/ha) was obtained from full irrigation (W) and the lowest seed yield of (2082 and 2130 kg/ha) from irrigation every 20 days after flowering stage in the first and second season respectively. Results indicated that there were no-significant differences on head diameter, plant height and stem diameter when water deficit occurred after the flowering stages. Lower WP of 0.21 to 0.26 and 0.21 to 0.27 kg/m3 were obtained when sunflower irrigated every 20 days after flowering and seed filling stages in the first and second season respectively. Results revealed that water productivity was low under Gezira conditions.
机译：向日葵已成为苏丹农民和消费者的重要农作物。这是一种非常适合当地种植系统的作物，被认为是该国最重要的油料作物之一。可以减少常规灌溉间隔，以增加总产量并最大程度提高水生产率。相反，在敏感的生长阶段延长灌溉间隔可能导致总产量下降。低于蒸散需求的水的施用被称为亏缺灌溉（DI）。实验是在苏丹WadMedani的Gezira研究站进行的，随机重复的完整模块设计，包含三个重复。在该研究中，整个生长期的每周灌溉间隔（W），开花期后间隔10天（F1），间隔15天（F2）和间隔20天（F3）以及间隔10天（S1），间隔15天以种子灌浆期后（S2）和间隔20天（S3）为研究对象，研究了2011/12和2012/13两个生育期的全量灌溉和亏缺灌溉对向日葵作物产量和产量构成的影响。结果表明，水分胁迫降低了人均填充种子的数量，完整种子的重量和种子产量。在第一季和第二季开花期后每20天，全灌溉（W）可获得最高的种子产量（3130和3140 kg / ha），最低的种子产量（2082和2130 kg / ha）来自灌溉。 。结果表明，开花期缺水时，头径，株高和茎粗没有明显差异。在第一季和第二季开花和种子灌浆阶段之后每隔20天灌溉一次向日葵，分别得到0.21至0.26和0.21至0.27 kg / m3的较低WP。结果表明，在Gezira条件下水生产率较低。

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