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首页> 外文期刊>African Technology Development Forum Journal >The Transfer and Dissemination of Agricultural Technologies: Issues, Lessons and Opportunities;
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The Transfer and Dissemination of Agricultural Technologies: Issues, Lessons and Opportunities;

机译：农业技术的转让和传播：问题，教训和机会;

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The rapid and widespread abandonment of the World Bank’s Training and Visit system in the mid-1990s created an operational vacuum within the national extension programs of West Africa. At the same time, nongovernmental organizations gained much recognition for their use of participatory and processed-based approaches, which national programs subsequently attempted to emulate. Key issues related to this period of transformation, as well as the current status of technology transfer activities within the sub-region, include: the increased plurality of extension service provision; significant changes in the methodological orientation of extension practice; continued struggles with the weak level of human resources in extension programs; the limited base of relevant technological innovations; and exploration of alternative approaches to extension financing. While use of a loose collection of participatory tools has become widespread, no dominant approaches experiencing widespread adoption have emerged, nor have any particular types of organizations (governmental, non-governmental, or private) distinguished themselves as operationally superior. Factors associated with positive impacts include programmatic size and strength, attention to supportive capacitybuilding, and lateral networking efforts linked with strong vertical integration into field programs. Future successes in the sub-region will be linked to greater attention being given to strengthening the human dimensions of development practice.
机译：在1990年代中期，世界银行的培训和访问系统被迅速广泛地放弃，这在西非国家推广计划内造成了运营真空。同时，非政府组织因采用参与性和基于处理的方法而获得了广泛认可，国家方案随后试图效仿这种方法。与这一转型期以及该分区域内技术转让活动的现状有关的关键问题包括：扩展服务提供的数量增加;推广实践的方法论取向发生重大变化;由于推广方案中人力资源薄弱而继续奋斗;相关技术创新的基础有限;以及探索扩展融资的替代方法。尽管广泛使用了松散的参与工具集，但尚未出现经历广泛采用的主导方法，也没有任何特定类型的组织（政府组织，非政府组织或私人组织）在运营上享有优势。与积极影响相关的因素包括计划规模和实力，对支持性能力建设的重视以及与强大的垂直整合到实地计划相关的横向网络工作。该分区域未来的成功将与更加重视加强发展实践的人文层面有关。

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