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首页> 外文期刊>African Journal of Biotechnology >A two-stage decentralised system combining high rate activated sludge (HRAS) with alternating charcoal filters (ACF) for treating small community sewage to reusable standards for agriculture
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A two-stage decentralised system combining high rate activated sludge (HRAS) with alternating charcoal filters (ACF) for treating small community sewage to reusable standards for agriculture

机译：两级分散系统，结合了高速率活性污泥（HRAS）和交替炭过滤器（ACF），用于处理小型社区污水，达到可重复使用的农业标准

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Water scarcity increasingly drives wastewater recovery. Campaigns towards re-use of wastewater are not very common in Africa among other factors, due to a lack of efficient and cost-effective technology to treat wastewater to re-usable standards. In this study, two treatment systems, a high rate activated sludge (HRAS) system and alternating charcoal filters (ACF) are combined and used to treat wastewater to standards fit for reuse in agriculture. The charcoal can upon saturation be dried and used as fuel. Two different ACF lines were used in parallel after the HRAS: ACF1 with a residence time of 2.5 h and ACF2 with residence time of 5 h. Results show no significant difference (α = 0.05) in the performance of the two filter lines, hence ACF1 with a higher flow rate was considered as optimal. The HRAS effectively removed up to 65% of total suspended solids (TSS) and 59% of chemical oxygen demand (COD), while ACF1 removed up to 70% TSS and 58% COD. The combined treatment system of HRAS and ACF1 effectively decreased TSS and COD on average by 89 and 83%, respectively. Total ammonium nitrogen (TAN) and total phosphates (TP) were largely retained in the effluent with average removal percentages of 19.5 and 27.5%, respectively, encouraging reuse for plant growth.
机译：缺水日益推动废水回收。在非洲，除其他因素外，由于缺乏有效和具有成本效益的技术来将废水处理至可重复使用的标准，因此在非洲开展废水再利用的运动并不十分普遍。在这项研究中，将两个处理系统，高速率活性污泥（HRAS）系统和交替活性炭过滤器（ACF）组合在一起，用于处理废水，使其符合可在农业中再利用的标准。木炭可以在饱和时被干燥并用作燃料。在HRAS之后并行使用两条不同的ACF线：停留时间为2.5小时的ACF1和停留时间为5小时的ACF2。结果表明两条过滤线的性能没有显着差异（α= 0.05），因此，流速较高的ACF1被认为是最佳选择。 HRAS有效地去除了高达65％的总悬浮固体（TSS）和59％的化学需氧量（COD），而ACF1去除了高达70％的TSS和58％的COD。 HRAS和ACF1的组合处理系统分别平均有效地将TSS和COD降低了89％和83％。总氨氮（TAN）和总磷酸盐（TP）大部分保留在废水中，平均去除率分别为19.5和27.5％，从而促进了植物生长的再利用。

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