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首页> 外文期刊>African Journal of Biotechnology >In vitro embryo rescue and plant regeneration following self-pollination with irradiated pollen in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)
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In vitro embryo rescue and plant regeneration following self-pollination with irradiated pollen in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

机译：木薯辐射花粉自花授粉后的体外胚胎拯救和植物再生（Manihot esculenta Crantz）

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摘要

Cassava is a highly heterozygous species; hence, current methods used in classical cassava breeding cannot match the urgent need to high yielding varieties. Recently, progress was made through androgenesis and gynogenesis as pathways for raising doubled cassava haploid lines to overcome problems associated with cassava’s inherent reproductive biology, but these efforts were limited (no candidate cassava plantlets were regenerated). For the first time, this study shows that pollen irradiation coupled with self-pollination and embryo rescue regenerated 62 candidate cassava plantlets. Plants of an elite cassava variety, Nase14, served as a mother plant and as the pollen donor for the irradiation. Irradiation dosages of 50 to 250 Gray studied across five pollination events and 300 or 500 Gray in one pollination event caused a reduction in pollen germination up to 67.0%. By 15 days after pollination (DAP) with irradiated pollen, up to 89.7% of the pollinated flowers had aborted. By embryo rescue time (42 DAP), significant differences were observed in number of fruits, seeds and embryos generated, with the non-irradiated pollen treatments having significantly higher numbers. Sixteen (16) heterozygous SSR markers in the parent and ploidy analysis showed that none of the regenerated plants was haploid or homozygous. However, the plantlets resulting from pollination with non-irradiated pollen had 56.2% homozygous loci, while progeny derived from irradiated treatments had frequencies of homozygous loci between 28.1 and 55.0%. This is the first time to use irradiated pollen in cassava as a pathway to generate candidate plantlets as an initial step in double haploid production.
机译：木薯是高度杂合的物种。因此，目前在经典木薯育种中使用的方法无法满足高产品种的迫切需求。最近，通过雄激素生成和雌核发育作为提高木薯单倍体系的途径来克服与木薯固有生殖生物学有关的问题，但是这些努力是有限的（没有再生出候选木薯苗）。这项研究首次表明，花粉照射与自花授粉和胚胎拯救相结合可再生出62个候选木薯幼苗。优良的木薯品种Nase14可以作为母本，也可以作为花粉的供体。在五个授粉事件中研究了50到250格雷的辐照剂量，在一个授粉事件中研究了300或500格雷的辐照剂量，导致花粉萌发减少高达67.0％。到用辐射花粉授粉后（DAP）15天，高达89.7％的授粉花已流产。通过胚胎挽救时间（42 DAP），观察到产生的水果，种子和胚胎的数量存在显着差异，而未经辐照的花粉处理的数量明显更高。亲本和十六倍体分析中的十六（16）个杂合SSR标记表明，再生的植物均不是单倍体或纯合体。然而，由未经辐照的花粉授粉产生的小植株具有56.2％的纯合基因座，而源自辐照处理的后代具有在28.1％至55.0％之间的纯合子频率。这是首次在木薯中使用辐照花粉作为产生候选小植株的途径，作为双单倍体生产的第一步。

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