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What to do with the windfall gains of African oil exporting countries

机译:与非洲石油出口国的暴利收益怎么办

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Compared to the previous decade, oil prices have been very high in 2004, and everything indicates they will remain high in the foreseeable future – well above the 20-25 US$ a barrel reference price on which most governments of African oil exporting countries have been basing their budget decisions until recently. Windfall gains for African oil exporters in 2004 were more than US$ 30 billion (compared to 2003 export revenue), and the situation is expected to be even better in 2005. Of this, more than US$ 14 billion accrued to governments, in the form of higher royalties, taxes and direct export revenue for stateowned enterprises. This is a very significant amount: compare it for example with the total amount of foreign direct investment into Africa in 2002 of US$ 11 billion, bilateral grants of around US$ 10 billion, or worldwide World Bank lending for fossil fuel projects that year of some US$ 2.5 billion.
机译:与前十年相比,2004年的石油价格一直很高,所有迹象表明它们在可预见的将来仍将保持高位–远高于大多数非洲石油出口国政府的20-25美元/桶的参考价。根据他们的预算决定直到最近。非洲石油出口国在2004年获得的意外收益超过300亿美元(与2003年的出口收入相比),并且在2005年,情况有望进一步改善。其中,各国政府应从中获得140亿美元的收益。国有企业较高的特许权使用费,税收和直接出口收入形式。这是非常可观的数额:例如,与2002年对非洲的外国直接投资总额110亿美元,双边赠款约100亿美元或世界银行当年在世界范围内向化石燃料项目提供的贷款进行比较约25亿美元。

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