The Welfare Costs of not being Part of the Knowledge Economy: Why Rural Development needs more Creative Policy Strategies (revised February 2007)

Philipp Aerni

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The Welfare Costs of not being Part of the Knowledge Economy: Why Rural Development needs more Creative Policy Strategies (revised February 2007)

机译：不属于知识经济的福利成本：为什么农村发展需要更多的创造性政策策略（2007年2月修订）

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All forms of knowledge, from advanced science to the simple idea of finding a new use for an old good, contribute to economic growth, not by competing for scarce resources in existing markets but by creating new markets. Current agricultural, environmental and development policies ignore the social welfare generated by new markets because they are still based on the comparative- static approach of neoclassical Welfare Economics that only looks at the welfare effects of existing markets. This approach may have offered practical solutions in the Cold War context but looks increasingly outdated in today’s dynamic knowledge-based economy. New Growth Theory, the more dynamic successor of neoclassical Welfare Economics, puts knowledge creation at the centre of economic analysis. It suggests that improved access to new knowledge and technology, investment in human capital and effective support of rural entrepreneurship will result in a more responsible use of natural resources as well as more choice, diversity, social empowerment and economic growth in poor rural areas. This article discusses the major insights of New Growth Theory, its successful policy applications, as well as the reasons why policy decision-makers in charge of rural development tend to stick to old theory and therefore merely see themselves as regulators rather than facilitators of economic change.

机译：从先进的科学到为旧物品寻找新用途的简单想法，各种形式的知识都对经济增长做出了贡献，而不是通过竞争现有市场上稀缺的资源，而是通过创造新市场来实现。当前的农业，环境和发展政策忽视了新市场所产生的社会福利，因为它们仍然基于新古典福利经济学的比较静态方法，该方法仅着眼于现有市场的福利影响。这种方法在冷战时期可能已经提供了实用的解决方案，但是在当今充满活力的知识型经济中，这种方法似乎已经过时了。新增长理论是新古典主义福利经济学中更具活力的后继者，它将知识创造置于经济分析的中心。它表明，改善对新知识和技术的获取，对人力资本的投资以及对农村企业家精神的有效支持，将导致更贫困的农村地区更加负责任地使用自然资源以及更多的选择，多样性，社会赋权和经济增长。本文讨论了新增长理论的主要见解，其成功的政策应用以及负责农村发展的政策决策者倾向于坚持旧理论的原因，因此仅将自己视为经济变化的调节者而不是促进者。

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《African Technology Development Forum Journal》 |2006年第4期|共页
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Philipp Aerni;
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The Welfare Costs of not being Part of the Knowledge Economy: Why Rural Development needs more Creative Policy Strategies (revised February 2007)

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