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Introduction of the exotic breeds and cross breeding of local chicken in Ethiopia and solution to genetic erosion: A review

机译：埃塞俄比亚当地鸡的外来品种和杂交育种的介绍以及遗传侵蚀的解决方法：综述

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This study reviews the introduction of the exotic breeds and cross breeding of local chicken in Ethiopia, solution to genetic erosion and needs for conservation with aim of delivering in the short form and clear information for beneficiaries and to whom it may concern. Poultry production and its product consumption are progressively increasing globally. In Ethiopia, chicken production plays a great role as a primary supply of eggs and meat in rural and urban areas and as a source of income for smallholder farmers. The interest of the farmers to maximize poultry products is increasing. Therefore, the different parts of the farmers are practicing crossbreeding unsystematically. However, crossbreeding is not advised and recommended by government due to its impact on genetic diversity and losing of the important traits of local chickens; thus, policy of the government has prepared different strategies to improve livestock development. There is no good breeding scheme introduced so far to avoid such kind of impacts or else regulator laws to avoid uncontrolled breeding activities. Therefore, conservation of locally adapted indigenous livestock breeds has become an important objective in sustainable animal breeding, as these breeds represent a unique genetic resource. And even if the indigenous chickens are low in productive performance, it has its unique and important characteristics such as brooding, tolerance of the disease and harsh environment of tropics, and giving good product under management condition. Therefore, adjusting the proper breeding strategies in the country, especially upgrading the local chicken for higher production through selective breeding system rather than cross breeding with exotic breeds and conservation of the genetic resource is needed.
机译：这项研究回顾了埃塞俄比亚当地鸡的外来品种和杂交育种的引进，对遗传侵蚀的解决方案以及对养护的需求，目的是向受益人及其可能关注的人们提供简短和清晰的信息。全球禽类生产及其产品消费量正在逐步增加。在埃塞俄比亚，鸡肉的生产在农村和城市地区是鸡蛋和肉类的主要供应来源，也是小农户的收入来源。农民最大化家禽产品的兴趣正在增加。因此，农民的不同部分正在不系统地进行杂交。但是，由于杂交育种会影响遗传多样性并丧失当地鸡的重要性状，因此不建议和建议杂交育种。因此，政府的政策准备了不同的策略来改善畜牧业的发展。迄今为止，没有引入好的育种方案来避免这种影响，或者没有监管机构的法律来避免不受控制的育种活动。因此，保护​​本地适应的本地牲畜品种已成为可持续动物育种的重要目标，因为这些品种代表着独特的遗传资源。即使本土鸡的生产能力低下，它也具有独特而重要的特征，例如育雏，对疾病的耐受性以及热带地区的恶劣环境，并在管理条件下提供优质产品。因此，需要调整国家适当的育种策略，特别是通过选择育种系统而不是与外来品种杂交和保护遗传资源来提高当地鸡的产量，以提高产量。

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