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Fatality of salt stress to plants: Morphological, physiological and biochemical aspects

机译:盐胁迫对植物的致命性:形态,生理和生化方面

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Soil salinity affects various physiological and biochemical processes which result in reduced biomass production. This adverse effect of salt stress appears on whole plant level at almost all growth stages including germination, seedling, vegetative and maturity stages. However, tolerance to salt stress at different plant developmental stages varies from species to species. The plant response to salt stress consists of numerous processes that must function in coordination to alleviate both cellular hyperosmolarity and ion disequilibrium. Salt tolerance and yield stability are complex genetic traits that are difficult to establish in crops since salt stress may occur as a catastrophic episode, be imposed continuously or intermittently and become gradually more severe at any stage during development. The objective of this review is to summarize the morphological, physiological and biochemical aspects of plants under salt stress. It was then concluded that salt stress affects plant physiology at whole plant as well as cellular levels through osmotic and ionic adjustments that result in reduced biomass production. This adverse effect of salt stress appears on whole plant level at almost all growth stages including germination, seedling, vegetative and maturity stages. Despite causing osmotic and ionic stress, salinity causes ionic imbalances that may impair the selectivity of root membranes and induce potassium deficiency.
机译:土壤盐分会影响各种生理和生化过程,从而导致生物量减少。盐胁迫的这种不利影响出现在几乎所有生长阶段的整个植物水平上,包括发芽,幼苗,营养和成熟阶段。但是,不同植物发育阶段对盐胁迫的耐受性因物种而异。植物对盐胁迫的响应包括许多过程,这些过程必须协同发挥作用,以减轻细胞的高渗性和离子不平衡性。盐耐受性和产量稳定性是难以在作物中建立的复杂遗传特征,因为盐胁迫可能会发生灾难性事件,会持续或间断施加,并在发育的任何阶段逐渐变得更加严重。这篇综述的目的是总结盐胁迫下植物的形态,生理和生化特性。然后得出结论,盐胁迫通过渗透和离子调节影响整个植物以及细胞水平的生理,从而导致生物量减少。盐胁迫的这种不利影响出现在几乎所有生长阶段的整个植物水平上,包括发芽,幼苗,营养和成熟阶段。尽管盐分会引起渗透和离子胁迫,但盐度会导致离子不平衡,从而可能损害根膜的选择性并导致钾缺乏。

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