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Phalaris minor control, resistance development and strategies for integrated management of resistance to fenoxaprop-ethyl

机译:ala草小病控制,抗药性发展和对苯甲草酸乙酯抗药性的综合管理策略

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Phalaris minor (Littleseed canary grass)?is a very important and annual weed of winter cereal crops. It is a very competitive weed of wheat, oat and barley crops in Pakistan. Usually, three?aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, diclofop-methyl and clodinafop-propargyl are used as chemical weed control against different grassy weeds like?P. minor, Avena sativa?and?Cyperus rotundus?L.This review describes fenoxaprop-ethyl, a selective chemical herbicide used to control?P. minor?in wheat crop.?High production of wheat is associated with its continuous use. But this practice enhances the development of resistant biotypes ofP. minor.?Different management approaches like preference of mechanical weeding over chemical weed control,?integration of competitive varietal selection, crop rotation and herbicide rotation can be long duration strategies of resistance management in?P. minor. However, tillage method, planting time, method of herbicide application, optimum dose, higher seed rate, early sowing, bed planting, stale seed bed and?zero tillage are short duration resistance management strategies. Use of water extracts of herbicidal potential (allelopathic) plants?can beeffective integrated management of herbicide resistant against?P. minor?in wheat and for eco-friendly and sustainable weed management.
机译:ala草(Littleseed金丝雀草)是冬季谷物作物中非常重要的一年生杂草。它是巴基斯坦小麦,燕麦和大麦作物极具竞争力的杂草。通常,使用三?芳氧基苯氧基丙酸酯除草剂,苯氧磷丙酯-P,乙基双氯酚甲基和克洛那非-炔丙基作为化学除草剂,以对抗不同的禾本科杂草,如?P。本综述描述了用于控制P的选择性化学除草剂fenoxaprop-ethyl。小麦的高产量与其持续使用有关。但是,这种做法促进了抗性生物型P的发展。机械除草优先于化学除草,竞争性品种选择,轮作和除草剂轮作的整合等不同的管理方法可能是长期抗药性管理策略。次要。然而,耕作方法,播种时间,除草剂的施用方法,最佳剂量,较高的播种量,早播,底床种植,陈旧的床层和零耕作是短期抗性管理策略。使用具有潜在除草作用(化感作用)的植物水提取物可以有效地综合管理对P有抗性的除草剂。小麦中的微量元素,用于生态友好和可持续的杂草管理。

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