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首页> 外文期刊>African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development >Sources of risk and management strategies among food crop farmers in Osun State, Nigeria
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Sources of risk and management strategies among food crop farmers in Osun State, Nigeria

机译：尼日利亚奥孙州粮食作物农民的风险来源和管理策略

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Food production decisions in Nigeria are made mainly by small-scale farmers who face a number of risks. In response, farmers engage in some risk management strategies which may have social and economic implications not only on the farming households in particular, but the entire economy. This study identified the sources of risk and the management strategies employed by the food crop farmers. A two-stage sampling procedure was used in the collection of primary data. The first stage involved a random selection of 30 farming communities from the three agroecological zones of the state’s Agricultural Development Programme (ADP) namely Ife-Ijesa, Osogbo and Iwo zones. The second stage involved a random selection of food crop farmers from each of the villages with probability proportionate to size of each farming community. Data from 165 respondents were used for the analysis. Primary data collected included sources of risk, other environmental factors and management strategies employed. Secondary data were also obtained from Osun State Agricultural Development Programme (OSSADEP) records to complement the primary data. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and composite analysis. Sources of risk in the last three years were market failure, 54.5%; price fluctuation, 46.1%; drought, 32.7%; pest and diseases attack, 33.9% and erratic rainfall, 39.4%. Majority of the food crop farmers in the study area were in the medium risk category. The mean value of 2.68 (approximately 3.0) implies that an average food crop farmer experienced up to three different sources of risk in the study area. Risk management strategies available to the farmers were extension services, 67.3%; access to fertilizer, 41.2%; mixed cropping/farming, 79.3%; cooperative society 54.5%, borrowing of money, 73.0% and off farm-work, 69.7%. Attention should be shifted towards protection of farmers against market failure and price distortion or fluctuations as these, among others could impair the growth potential of these farmers. Investment in irrigation projects by the government would also save the farmers from drought and erratic rainfall while farmers are encouraged to benefit from the services of the agricultural insurance industry.
机译：尼日利亚的粮食生产决定主要由面临许多风险的小规模农民做出。作为回应，农民采取了一些风险管理策略，这些策略可能不仅对农户特别是整个农户都有社会和经济影响。这项研究确定了粮食作物农民的风险来源和管理策略。在收集原始数据时使用了两阶段采样程序。第一阶段涉及从该州农业发展计划（ADP）的三个农业生态区中随机选择30个农业社区，这些地区分别是Ife-Ijesa，Osogbo和Iwo地区。第二阶段涉及从每个村庄中随机选择粮食作物农民，其概率与每个农业社区的规模成正比。来自165位受访者的数据用于分析。收集的主要数据包括风险来源，其他环境因素和采用的管理策略。还从Osun国家农业发展计划（OSSADEP）记录中获取了辅助数据，以补充原始数据。使用描述性统计和综合分析对数据进行分析。最近三年的风险来源是市场失灵，占54.5％;价格波动为46.1％;干旱32.7％;病虫害袭击占33.9％，降雨不稳定，占39.4％。研究区域的大多数粮食作物农民属于中等风险类别。平均值为2.68（约3.0），意味着一个普通的粮食作物农民在研究区域经历了多达三种不同的风险来源。农民可获得的风险管理策略是推广服务，占67.3％;获得肥料的比例为41.2％;混合作物/农业，占79.3％;合作社54.5％，借款73.0％，非农工作69.7％。应将注意力转移到保护农民免受市场失灵和价格扭曲或波动的影响，因为这些因素可能削弱农民的增长潜力。政府对灌溉项目的投资也将使农民免受干旱和降雨的影响，同时鼓励农民从农业保险业的服务中受益。

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