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首页> 外文期刊>African Journal of Emergency Medicine >Emergency centre management of paediatric diarrhoea: An overview
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Emergency centre management of paediatric diarrhoea: An overview

机译：小儿腹泻急诊中心管理：概述

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摘要

The worldwide burden of diarrhoeal disease results in 1.5 million deaths annually in children under the age of five. Emergency physicians are often the primary medical provider to care for these children, so a firm understanding of diarrhoeal aetiology, microbiology, risk stratification, and treatment options is crucial. By using a focused history and physical exam with appropriately targeted serum investigations and imaging studies, children may be accurately assessed for degree of dehydration. Ultrasound imaging in particular is emerging as a rapid and reliable tool for this purpose. While oral rehydration remains essential first-line treatment, more severe presentations warrant use of intravenous crystalloid for the correction of fluid deficit. A focus on proper patient disposition and discharge instructions is also critical for prevention of further morbidity and to prevent unnecessary emergency centre returns. This overview of recent literature provides the emergency physician with a basic understanding of the evidence supporting management of paediatric diarrhoea.
机译：全世界的腹泻病负担导致五岁以下儿童每年死亡150万人。急诊医师通常是照看这些孩子的主要医疗提供者，因此对腹泻病因，微生物学，危险分层和治疗选择的深刻理解至关重要。通过使用有针对性的病史和体格检查以及适当的针对性血清检查和影像学检查，可以准确评估儿童的脱水程度。为此，尤其是超声成像正在作为一种快速而可靠的工具出现。虽然口服补液仍然是一线治疗的基本要求，但更严重的表现需要使用静脉内晶体来纠正体液缺乏。注重正确的患者处置和出院说明对于防止进一步发病和防止不必要的急救中心返回也至关重要。最近文献的概述为急诊医师提供了支持小儿腹泻治疗的证据的基本理解。

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