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首页> 外文期刊>African Journal of Emergency Medicine >Acute care in Tanzania: Epidemiology of acute care in a small community medical centre
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Acute care in Tanzania: Epidemiology of acute care in a small community medical centre

机译：坦桑尼亚的急诊：一家小型社区医疗中心的急诊流行病学

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Introduction Without uniform recognition of Emergency Medicine as a specialty in developing sub-Saharan African countries, data are limited on the epidemiology of emergency care needs. The purposes of this study were to quantify the burden of disease presenting as medical or surgical emergencies and describe the patient population at a small community medical centre in the Republic of Tanzania. Methods An observational study was conducted from March to June 2011 at the University of Arusha (UOA) Medical Centre in Arusha, Tanzania. All consenting patients presenting with acute illness or injury were eligible for inclusion in the study. A standardized form was used to record demographic information, chief complaint, diagnosis/diagnoses, procedure(s), treatment(s), and disposition. Results Data were collected on 719 patients, with a mean age of 21.8 years (range neonate to 83 years). Fever (19.5%), respiratory (17.5%), and gastrointestinal complaints (15.0%) were the top three chief complaints; 94.9% of chief complaints were atraumatic. The top three diagnoses included respiratory infection (22.1%); malaria (21.4%); and skin or soft tissue infection (7.9%). Forty-three percent of patients required no procedures or tests, and 42% required only one procedure or test. Of treatments administered, 67.6% were analgesics, 51.3% were cough medications, and 47.6% were antipyretics. Ninety-seven percent of patients were discharged home after their visits. Discussion Respiratory infections, malaria, and skin or soft tissue infections are leading reasons for seeking medical care at a small community medical centre in Arusha, Tanzania, highlighting the burden of infectious diseases in this type of facility. Males may be more likely to present with trauma, burns, and laceration injuries than females. Many patients required one or no procedures to determine their diagnosis, most treatments administered were inexpensive, and most patients were discharged home, suggesting that providing acute care in this setting could be accomplished with limited resources.
机译：引言在没有统一承认急诊医学是撒哈拉以南非洲发展中国家的专长的情况下，有关急诊需求流行病学的数据有限。这项研究的目的是量化在医疗或外科紧急情况下出现的疾病负担，并描述坦桑尼亚共和国一家小型社区医疗中心的患者人数。方法2011年3月至2011年6月，在坦桑尼亚阿鲁沙的阿鲁沙大学医学中心进行了一项观察性研究。所有表现出急性疾病或受伤的同意患者均符合纳入研究的条件。使用标准化表格来记录人口统计信息，主要投诉，诊断/诊断，程序，治疗和处置。结果收集了719例患者的数据，平均年龄为21.8岁（新生儿至83岁）。发烧（19.5％），呼吸道（17.5％）和胃肠道不适（15.0％）是前三大主要不适。 94.9％的主要投诉是无创伤性的。前三位的诊断包括呼吸道感染（22.1％）;疟疾（21.4％）;和皮肤或软组织感染（7.9％）。 43％的患者不需要任何程序或测试，而42％的患者仅需要一项程序或测试。在所进行的治疗中，镇痛药占67.6％，止咳药占51.3％，退烧药占47.6％。百分之九十七的患者在就诊后出院回家。讨论呼吸道感染，疟疾和皮肤或软组织感染是在坦桑尼亚阿鲁沙的一个小型社区医疗中心寻求医疗服务的主要原因，这凸显了此类设施中的传染病负担。男性比女性更容易遭受外伤，烧伤和撕裂伤。许多患者需要一个或不需要一个程序来确定其诊断，所给予的大多数治疗费用不贵，并且大多数患者都已出院，这表明在这种情况下提供急救服务的资源可能有限。

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