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首页> 外文期刊>African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development >Profitability and Econimic Efficientcy of Groundnut Production in Benue State, Nigeria
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Profitability and Econimic Efficientcy of Groundnut Production in Benue State, Nigeria

机译：尼日利亚贝努埃州花生生产的获利能力和经济效率

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There has been a remarkable reduction in the contribution of groundnut to Nigeria’s foreign exchange earnings since the discovery of petroleum resources. There is need to re-position this valuable crop to assume its rightfull position in the nation’s economy. Thus, this study assessed the profitability of groundnut production and level of technical and allocative efficiencies of the farmers using Benue State as a case study. Multi-stage sampling technique, which involves purposive selection of two Local Government Areas (Makurdi and Ogbadigbo) and subsequent random selection of groundnut farmers from the selected three communities was adopted in collecting cross-sectional data from 270 groundnut farmers using structured questionnaire and oral interview. Descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis and Stochastic Frontier Model were used to analyse the data. The study found that the mean gross margin per hectare of groundnut was N1,897.86 per month while the profitability test shows that it is profitable (t= 6.87; P ≤ 0.01). However, the key variables that influence profitability are hired labour, cost of seed, agrochemical and cost of fertilizer. Meanwhile, the mean technical efficiency estimate of groundnut farmers in the study area was found to be as low as 4%. This could be attributed to high demand for labour, land and agrochemicals which are the critical factors that play a significant role in groundnut production. The socio-economic factors that affect groundnut production in the study area include farmers’ age, household size and annual income. Similarly, an average farmer spent about 28% above the minimum frontier cost. Furthermore, the elasticity of cost of production with respect to cost of hired labour and cost of seed was found to be relatively high indicating their importance in groundnut production. More land should be put into groundnut production and farmers should be given essential agricultural inputs that will enhance the productivity of this cash crop. The study further recommends the development and dissemination of simple machines that can facilitate the stages involved in the production of groundnut.
机译：自发现石油资源以来，花生对尼日利亚外汇收入的贡献已大大减少。有必要重新定位这种有价值的农作物，使其在国家经济中享有应有的地位。因此，本研究以贝努埃州为案例，评估了花生生产的盈利能力以及农民的技术和分配效率水平。采用多阶段抽样技术，包括有目的地选择两个地方政府区域（Makurdi和Ogbadigbo），然后从选定的三个社区中随机选择花生农，使用结构化问卷和口头访谈从270名花生农中收集横断面数据。描述性统计，毛利率分析和随机边界模型用于分析数据。研究发现，每公顷花生的平均毛利率为N1,897.86每月，而获利能力测试表明它是可获利的（t = 6.87; P≤0.01）。但是，影响获利能力的关键变量是雇佣劳动，种子成本，农药成本和化肥成本。同时，研究区域内花生农户的平均技术效率估计值低至4％。这可能归因于对劳动力，土地和农用化学品的高需求，这是在花生生产中发挥重要作用的关键因素。影响研究区域花生生产的社会经济因素包括农民的年龄，家庭人数和年收入。同样，普通农民的花费比最低边防成本高出约28％。此外，发现生产成本相对于雇工成本和种子成本的弹性较高，表明它们在花生生产中的重要性。应将更多的土地用于花生生产，并应为农民提供必要的农业投入，以提高这种经济作物的生产力。该研究还建议开发和推广简单的机器，以促进花生生产的各个阶段。

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