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首页> 外文期刊>African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development >Impact of Soil Fertility Management Practices on a Major Insect Pest Infestation and Yield of Beans ( Phaseolus Vulgaris l.) in Taita District, Kenya
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Impact of Soil Fertility Management Practices on a Major Insect Pest Infestation and Yield of Beans ( Phaseolus Vulgaris l.) in Taita District, Kenya

机译：土壤肥力管理措施对肯尼亚Taita区主要害虫侵染和菜豆（菜豆）的影响

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The common bean is an important food and cash crop in Eastern, Central and Southern Africa. It provides food for more than 100 million people and is a critical source of income for rural households. Common bean yields, however, have declined in the last ten years. This decline is the result of poor soil fertility and nutrient depletion as well as high incidences of insect pests, key among them being the bean stem maggot (BSM). To address soil nutrient depletion and the accompanying declining agricultural productivity, integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) has been adapted as a framework for enhancing crop productivity through combining fertilizer use with other soil fertility management technologies, adapted to local conditions. The current study evaluated the influence of soil fertility treatments on yield and yield components of the common bean. Additionally, to establish the potential links between soil fertility and crop protection, the effect of ISFM interventions on the incidence of the BSM was also assessed. The experiment was carried out in Taita District where agriculture contributes 95% to household income with very little or no fertility inputs in farms. Bean variety Mwezi moja was sown during the wet cropping season. Farm plots were amended with Mavuno fertilizer (a blend of fertilizer containing 11 nutrients); Triple Superphosphate fertilizer with Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (TSP + CAN); cow manure; Trichoderma inoculant; Trichoderma inoculant with cow manure combination; Mavuno fertilizer with Trichoderma inoculants combination; and control (untreated check). Field survey was conducted four weeks after bean emergence to determine the incidence and prevalence of the BSM. Plant survival: dry-seed and and bean straw weight were used as criteria for assessing crop yield. Yield and yield components of common bean were significantly affected by addition of soil ammendments, with Mavuno fertilizer + Trichoderma inoculant improving yield by 52.9%. However, the influence of the soil ammendments on the BSM incidence was minimal. These findings point to the fact that soil fertility management interventions increase crop yield. Nevertheless, to maximise yield, there is a strong need to adopt agroecological strategies that not only optimise soil fertilization but also incorporate a pest management dimension.
机译：普通豆是东部，中部和南部非洲的重要粮食和经济作物。它为超过1亿人提供食物，是农村家庭的重要收入来源。但是，过去十年来，普通豆的单产下降了。这种下降的原因是土壤肥力和养分消耗不佳以及虫害高发，其中最主要的原因是豆茎stem（BSM）。为了解决土壤养分枯竭以及随之而来的农业生产力下降的问题，已将综合土壤肥力管理（ISFM）调整为通过结合肥料使用和其他适合当地条件的土壤肥力管理技术来提高作物生产力的框架。当前的研究评估了土壤肥力处理对普通豆产量和产量构成的影响。此外，为了建立土壤肥力与作物保护之间的潜在联系，还评估了ISFM干预对BSM发生率的影响。该实验是在台打区进行的，那里的农业贡献了95％的家庭收入，而农场的生育率却很少或没有。在潮湿的农作物季节播种了豆品种Mwezi moja。农田被Mavuno肥料（一种包含11种营养素的肥料的混合物）修正了;三重过磷酸钙肥料和硝酸铵钙（TSP + CAN）;牛粪木霉菌接种剂;木霉菌接种剂与牛粪肥结合; Mavuno肥料与木霉菌接种剂的组合;和控制（未经处理的检查）。豆出苗后四周进行了实地调查，以确定BSM的发生率和流行程度。植物存活率：以干种子和豆秆重量作为评估作物产量的标准。添加土壤改良剂显着影响了普通豆的产量和产量组成，Mavuno肥料+木霉菌接种剂使产量提高了52.9％。但是，土壤改良剂对BSM发生率的影响很小。这些发现表明，土壤肥力管理干预措施可以增加作物产量。然而，为了最大程度地提高产量，迫切需要采用一种农业生态策略，不仅要优化土壤肥力，而且还要考虑到虫害管理方面的问题。

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