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首页> 外文期刊>African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development >Variability in Biochemical Composition and Cell Wall Constituents among Seven Varieties in Ghanaian Yam ( Dioscorea sp) Germpalsme
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Variability in Biochemical Composition and Cell Wall Constituents among Seven Varieties in Ghanaian Yam ( Dioscorea sp) Germpalsme

机译：加纳山药（Dioscorea sp）Germpalsme七个品种之间生化成分和细胞壁成分的变异性

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摘要

This work characterized the most cultivated and consumed yam (Dioscorea) cultivars within the Ghanaian yam germplasm based on their biochemical and cell wall constituents to assess their potential alternative food and industrial processing applications. Samples were analyzed for their biochemical composition - starch, amylose, amylopectin, total sugars, reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars along the head, middle and tail regions of each tuber using standard analytical methods. Cell wall constituents - acid detergent fibre, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose of each tuber were also determined using standard analytical methods. The results showed no significant differences at p<0.05 in biochemical compositions along the length of the studied cultivars. D. cayenensis (Pure-yellow), D. rotundata (Pona) and D. alata (Matches) were found to have high starch contents (63.16-65.69%, 63.54-65.30% and 63.24-65.17% respectively). Amylose content was observed to vary along the length of the tubers for the varieties studied. D. alata (Matches) was observed to contain the highest amylose content of 19.66-20.64%. No identifiable trend was however, observed for the amylopectin content along the length between the varieties investigated. D. bulbifera recorded the lowest amylopectin content of 41.29%, 43.59% and 44.63% while D. esculenta had the highest with 49.84%, 50.24% and 50.13% along the tail, middle and head sections respectively. Total sugar content varied significantly (p<0.05) along the lengths of all the varieties investigated. It was higher at the tail portions for all the varieties studied than the head regions; the middle portions recorded the least. D. bulbifera recorded highest total sugar contents (4.74-4.84%) and total sucrose (3.58-3.64%). There were significant differences (p<0.05) in the cell wall constituents of the yam varieties. Cellulose was found to be the most common cell wall component with D. rotundata having the highest level of 3.36% whilst D. dumetorum had the least (1.56%). Hemicellulose content ranged between 0.42 g/100g in D. alata to 4.58 g/100g in D. esculenta whiles lignin content ranged from 1.56 g/100g in D. dumetorum to 2.87 g/100g for D. praehensalis. There were significant differences (p<0.05) in the neutral detergent fibre found in Dioscorea esculenta and the other yam species. It ranged from 1.18 g/100g in D. alata to 5.46 g/100g in D. esculenta. Less than 1% of acid detergent fibre was identified in the yam varieties, suggesting varied levels of biochemical composition and cell wall constituents in the different yam varieties.
机译：这项工作根据其生化和细胞壁成分，对加纳山药种质中最栽培和消耗最多的山药（Dioscorea）品种进行了表征，以评估其潜在的替代食品和工业加工应用。使用标准分析方法分析样品的生化组成-淀粉，直链淀粉，支链淀粉，总糖，还原糖和非还原糖，沿着每个块茎的头部，中部和尾部区域。还使用标准分析方法确定了每个块茎的细胞壁成分-酸性洗涤剂纤维，中性洗涤剂纤维，酸性洗涤剂木质素，纤维素和半纤维素。结果显示，沿着研究品种的长度，生化组成在p <0.05时无显着差异。发现毛叶杜鹃（D. cayenensis）（纯黄色），D。rotundata（Pona）和D. alata（Matches）具有较高的淀粉含量（分别为63.16-65.69％，63.54-65.30％和63.24-65.17％）。对于所研究的品种，直链淀粉含量沿块茎长度变化。观察到D. alata（Matches）的直链淀粉含量最高，为19.66-20.64％。然而，在所研究的品种之间沿长度方向未观察到支链淀粉含量的可识别趋势。 D. bulbifera支链淀粉含量最低，分别为41.29％，43.59％和44.63％，而D. esculenta的最高，分别在尾部，中部和头部分别为49.84％，50.24％和50.13％。总糖含量沿所有研究品种的长度变化显着（p <0.05）。所有研究品种的尾部均高于头部。中部记录最少。 D. bulbifera的最高总糖含量（4.74-4.84％）和总蔗糖（3.58-3.64％）最高。山药品种的细胞壁成分之间存在显着差异（p <0.05）。发现纤维素是最常见的细胞壁成分，其中D. rotundata的含量最高，为3.36％，而D. dumetorum的含量最少（1.56％）。半纤维素含量在D. alata中为0.42 g / 100g至艾斯库伦特氏菌中的4.58 g / 100g，而木质素含量在D. dumetorum中为1.56 g / 100g至2.87 g / 100g。在薯Di和其他山药物种中发现的中性洗涤剂纤维之间存在显着差异（p <0.05）。它的范围从D. alata中的1.18 g / 100g到esculenta中的5.46 g / 100g。在山药品种中鉴定出不到1％的酸性洗涤剂纤维，这表明不同山药品种中生化成分和细胞壁成分的水平不同。

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