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首页> 外文期刊>African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development >Can Integrated Livestock-Fish Culture be a Solution to East Afircan's Food Insecurity? A Review
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Can Integrated Livestock-Fish Culture be a Solution to East Afircan's Food Insecurity? A Review

机译：畜牧业一体化养殖能否解决东非非洲的粮食不安全问题？回顾

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Integrated livestock-fish culture approach envisages the integration of fish farming with cattle, sheep, goats, poultry, pigs or rabbit husbandry in a design allowing wastes from one system to be used as inputs in another system. The aim is to conserve resources while increasing farm returns. This paper reviews integrated livestock-fish culture in Asia and some African countries towards stimulating growth in East Africa’s livestock-fish integration practices. Livelihood challenges and current status of integrated livestock-fish culture in some segments of East Africa are discussed. Economic analyses of integrated livestock-fish farming in selected places are presented. Challenges facing integrated livestock-fish aquaculture in the region include: government neglect of aquaculture sector, weak aquaculture research and applications, political interferences as well as social and religious challenges. Poor publicity, poor infrastructure, lack of clear legislations and policies and high illiteracy among potential fish farmers have also been mentioned as bottlenecks to the growth of integrated fish farming in the region. So far, fish-poultry integration is the most popular across Africa and Asia while fish-cattle integration is unpopular in many countries. Livestock manure as source of organic fertilizer for fish ponds and biogas production can help reduce cost of investment in purchasing inorganic fertilizers. With the present high cost of pelleted fish feeds, integrated fish farming stands to reduce the cost of feeding fish while simultaneously increasing the yield, leading to high economic returns. This paper concludes that livestock-fish integration is one of the most practicable solutions to food insecurity and malnutrition in the East African community despite its current poor status. In fact, it could be the forgotten asset that can guarantee present and future aquaculture sustainability in the region. The paper recommends capacity building among stakeholders to recognise integrated aquaculture as a ‘self feeding’ biotechnology unit, which deserves special attention in East Africa.
机译：综合的家畜－鱼类养殖方法设想将养鱼业与牛，绵羊，山羊，家禽，猪或兔子饲养业相结合，其设计允许将一种系统的废物用作另一种系统的投入。目的是在增加农场收益的同时节约资源。本文回顾了亚洲和一些非洲国家的畜禽鱼类综合养殖，以促进东非畜禽鱼类融合实践的发展。讨论了东非某些地区的生计挑战和畜禽鱼类综合养殖的现状。介绍了在某些地方进行的综合畜禽养殖的经济分析。该区域畜禽鱼类水产养殖业面临的挑战包括：政府对水产养殖业的忽视，水产养殖研究和应用薄弱，政治干预以及社会和宗教挑战。人们还提到宣传不力，基础设施差，缺乏明确的法律和政策以及潜在的养鱼户中的高文盲率，这是该地区综合养鱼业发展的瓶颈。到目前为止，鱼禽一体化在非洲和亚洲最为流行，而鱼牛一体化在许多国家并不受欢迎。牲畜粪便作为鱼池和沼气生产中有机肥料的来源，可以帮助降低购买无机肥料的投资成本。在目前颗粒鱼饲料成本高的情况下，综合养鱼可以降低喂鱼的成本，同时提高产量，从而带来很高的经济回报。本文的结论是，尽管东非共同体目前状况不佳，但畜牧与鱼类的融合是解决粮食不安全和营养不良的最切实可行的解决方案之一。实际上，它可能是可以保证该地区当前和未来水产养殖业可持续性的被遗忘的资产。该文件建议在利益相关者之间进行能力建设，以将综合水产养殖视为“自给自足”生物技术部门，这在东非值得特别注意。

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