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The role of long non-coding RNAs in cardiac development and disease

机译:长非编码RNA在心脏发育和疾病中的作用

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Cells display a set of RNA molecules at one time point, reflecting thus the cellular transcriptional steady state, configuring therefore its transcriptome. It is basically composed of two different classes of RNA molecules; protein-coding RNAs (cRNAs) and protein non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Sequencing of the human genome and subsequently the ENCODE project identified that more than 80% of the genome is transcribed in some type of RNA. Importantly, only 3% of these transcripts correspond to protein-coding RNAs, pointing that ncRNAs are as important or even more as cRNAs. ncRNAs have pivotal roles in development, differentiation and disease. Non-coding RNAs can be classified into two distinct classes according to their length; i.e., small (200 nt) noncoding RNAs. The structure, biogenesis and functional roles of small non-coding RNA have been widely studied, particularly for microRNAs (miRNAs). In contrast to microRNAs, our current understanding of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is limited. In this manuscript, we provide state-of-the art review of the functional roles of long non-coding RNAs during cardiac development as well as an overview of the emerging role of these ncRNAs in distinct cardiac diseases.
机译:细胞在一个时间点显示一组RNA分子,从而反映了细胞的转录稳态,因此构成了其转录组。它基本上由两类不同的RNA分子组成;蛋白质编码RNA(cRNA)和蛋白质非编码RNA(ncRNA)。人类基因组的测序以及随后的ENCODE项目确定,超过80%的基因组被转录成某种类型的RNA。重要的是,这些转录物中只有3%对应于蛋白质编码的RNA,指出ncRNA与cRNA一样重要甚至更高。 ncRNA在发育,分化和疾病中具有关键作用。根据其长度,非编码RNA可以分为两个不同的类别。即小型(200 nt)非编码RNA。小型非编码RNA的结构,生物发生和功能作用已得到广泛研究,尤其是对于microRNA(miRNA)。与microRNA相比,我们目前对长非编码RNA(lncRNA)的理解是有限的。在此手稿中,我们提供了长的非编码RNA在心脏发育过程中的功能作用的最新技术综述,并概述了这些ncRNA在不同的心脏病中的新兴作用。

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