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Energy security and competition over energy resources in Iran and Caucasus region

机译：伊朗和高加索地区的能源安全和能源资源竞争

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Energy security as a dominant factor in international stability is of great importance for major economies. The global energy market with its current level of supply and demand relies on energy sources in the Middle East, Caucasus, Central Asia and Russia. After the Fukushima disaster nuclear powers in Europe view renewable energy sources as a serious alternative. Europe’s energy vulnerability has deteriorated due to the Russia-Ukraine conflict. However, renewable energy sources are not large enough to replace nuclear power completely. This trend will continue with climbing demand especially in the natural gas sector as clean energy. In this research, Caucasus and Iran are considered the main sources and routes for energy transmission to the global market, including Europe. Caucasus plays a key role in bridging Europe and Asia. Also, Iran is an alternative for energy transmission to Europe after lifted sanctions. As part of the European active supply diversification policy Iran has capacity to reduce Europe’s energy dependency on Russia. However, changes in US new administration America First Policy is harmful for the EUs energy security. Caucasus aims to catch a large share of the European energy market since the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline has started operations and Iran is also trying to expand its market to become a sustainable source of energy for major consumers. Therefore, Iran and Caucasus are considered reliable energy suppliers for Europe. In this regard, we analyze the best motivation for changing the direction new suppliers’ energy policies towards Europe and suggest alternative solutions to compete with rival countries in order to enhance energy security.
机译：能源安全是国际稳定的主要因素，对主要经济体而言非常重要。当前全球供需水平的能源市场依赖于中东，高加索，中亚和俄罗斯的能源。福岛核灾难之后，欧洲的核大国将可再生能源视为一种严重的替代选择。欧洲的能源脆弱性由于俄罗斯与乌克兰的冲突而恶化。但是，可再生能源的规模不足以完全取代核能。这种趋势将随着需求的增长而持续下去，特别是在天然气领域作为清洁能源。在这项研究中，高加索和伊朗被视为向包括欧洲在内的全球市场输送能源的主要来源和途径。高加索在弥合欧洲和亚洲方面发挥着关键作用。此外，在取消制裁之后，伊朗是向欧洲输送能源的替代方法。作为欧洲积极供应多样化政策的一部分，伊朗有能力减少欧洲对俄罗斯的能源依赖。但是，美国新政府“美国优先政策”的变化对欧盟的能源安全有害。自巴库-第比利斯-杰伊汉管道开始运营以来，高加索的目标是占领欧洲能源市场的很大份额，伊朗还试图扩大其市场，使其成为主要消费者的可持续能源。因此，伊朗和高加索地区被认为是欧洲可靠的能源供应商。在这方面，我们分析了改变新供应商对欧洲的能源政策方向的最佳动机，并提出了与竞争国家竞争的替代解决方案，以增强能源安全。

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