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首页> 外文期刊>American journal of applied sciences >PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL FRAMEWORKS | Science Publications
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PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL FRAMEWORKS | Science Publications

机译：宪法和法律框架的公众参与环境管理|科学出版物

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> In the past, environmental management in Thailand was only the responsibility of the government. Citizens had to comply with all the related laws and regulations. After participating in Stockholm Conference in 1972, Thai government recognized the need for environmental management. The Enhancement and Conservation of National Environmental Quality Act 1975 was enacted and it changed the overview of environmental management in Thailand. Public participation has been continuously adopted into Thai regulatory framework since the government recognized its importance and capability for solving environmental conflicts in Thailand. Environmental laws and regulations relating to public participation practice in Thailand were reviewed and analyzed. Secondary data from articles, journals and books were evaluated. It was found that Thai government?s approach to handling the environmental problems and conflicts under the Thai laws and mechanisms was top-down management and obviously ineffective. In particular, decisions about environmental protection and management often fail to integrate the opinions of the public. Public participation practice was often avoided and limited. The decision-makers preferred to keep control over the decision and refused to share their authority. The public has few opportunities to influence the decisions. It could be said that Thai environmental laws and regulations are not effectively implemented and enforced. An ineffective implementation and enforcement of the regulations promulgating public participation was an important obstacle to achieve effective process and this could lead to more environmental problems and conflicts.
机译： >过去，泰国的环境管理只是政府的责任。公民必须遵守所有相关法律法规。在1972年参加斯德哥尔摩会议之后，泰国政府认识到环境管理的必要性。颁布了《 1975年国家环境质量法》，该法改变了泰国的环境管理概况。自从政府认识到解决泰国环境冲突的重要性和能力以来，公众参与一直被纳入泰国的监管框架。审查和分析了与泰国公众参与实践有关的环境法律法规。对来自文章，期刊和书籍的二级数据进行了评估。人们发现，泰国政府根据泰国法律和机制处理环境问题和冲突的方法是自上而下的管理，显然是无效的。特别是，有关环境保护和管理的决策往往无法融合公众的意见。公众参与的做法经常被避免并且受到限制。决策者倾向于保持对决策的控制权，并拒绝分享他们的权力。公众几乎没有机会影响决策。可以说，泰国的环境法律法规没有得到有效执行和执行。颁布公众参与的法规的无效执行和执行是实现有效流程的重要障碍，这可能导致更多的环境问题和冲突。

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