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Plasma amyloid beta measurements - a desired but elusive Alzheimer's disease biomarker

机译：血浆淀粉样β测量-一种理想但难以捉摸的阿尔茨海默氏病生物标志物

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摘要

Cerebrospinal fluid and positron emission tomography biomarkers accurately predict an underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology; however, they represent either invasive or expensive diagnostic tools. Therefore, a blood-based biomarker like plasma amyloid beta (Aβ) that could correlate with the underlying AD pathology and serve as a prognostic biomarker or an AD screening strategy is urgently needed as a cost-effective and non-invasive diagnostic tool. In this paper we review the demographic, biologic, genetic and technical aspects that affect plasma Aβ levels. Findings of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of plasma Aβ, including autosomal dominant AD cases, sporadic AD cases, Down syndrome cases and population studies, are also discussed. Finally, we review the association between cerebrovascular disease and Aβ plasma levels and the responses observed in clinical trials. Based on our review of the current literature on plasma Aβ, we conclude that further clinical research and assay development are needed before measures of plasma Aβ can be interpreted so they can be applied as trait, risk or state biomarkers for AD.
机译：脑脊液和正电子发射断层扫描生物标志物可准确预测潜在的阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）病理;但是，它们代表了侵入性或昂贵的诊断工具。因此，作为成本有效且非侵入性的诊断工具，迫切需要一种基于血液的生物标记物，例如血浆淀粉样蛋白β（Aβ），它可以与潜在的AD病理学相关并用作预后生物标记物或AD筛查策略。在本文中，我们回顾了影响血浆Aβ水平的人口，生物学，遗传和技术方面。还讨论了血浆Aβ横断面和纵向研究的结果，包括常染色体显性AD病例，偶发性AD病例，唐氏综合症病例和人群研究。最后，我们回顾了脑血管疾病与Aβ血浆水平之间的关联以及在临床试验中观察到的反应。根据我们对血浆Aβ的现有文献的综述，我们得出结论，在可以解释血浆Aβ的测定方法之前，需要进一步的临床研究和测定开发，以便将其用作AD的性状，风险或状态生物标记。

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