• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>American Journal of Analytical Chemistry >Buried Hydrothermal Systems: The Potential Role of Supercritical Water,“ScriW”, in Various Geological Processes and Occurrences in the Sub-Surface
【24h】

Buried Hydrothermal Systems: The Potential Role of Supercritical Water,“ScriW”, in Various Geological Processes and Occurrences in the Sub-Surface

机译：地下热液系统：超临界水“ ScriW”在水下的各种地质​​过程和发生中的潜在作用

获取原文
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

It is well known that seawater that migrates deep into the Earth’s crust will pass into its supercritical domain at temperatures above 407°C and pressures above 298 bars. In the oceanic crust, these pressures are attained at depths of 3 km below sea surface, and sufficiently high temperatures are found near intruding magmas, which have temperatures in the range of 800°C to 1200°C. The physico-chemical behaviour of seawater changes dramatically when passing into the supercritical domain. A supercritical water vapour (ScriW) is formed with a density of 0.3 g/cc and a strongly reduced dipolar character. This change in polarity is causing the ScriW to lose its solubility of the common sea salts (chlorides and sulphates) and a spontaneous precipitation of sea salts takes place in the pore system. However, this is only one of many cases where the very special properties of ScriW affect its surroundings. The objective of this paper is to increase awareness of the many geological processes that are initiated and governed by ScriW. This includes interactions between ScriW and its geological surroundings to initiate and drive processes that are of major importance to the dynamics and livelihood of our planet. ScriW is the driver of volcanism associated with subduction zones, as ScriW deriving from the subduction slab is interacting with the mantle rocks and reducing their melting point. ScriW is also initiating serpentinization processes where olivines in the mantle rocks (e.g. peridotite) are transformed to serpentine minerals upon the uptake of OH-groups from hydrolysed water. The simultaneous oxidation of Fe2+ dissolved from iron-bearing pyroxenes and olivines leads to the formation of magnetite and hydrogen, and consequently, to a very reducing environment. ScriW may also be the potential starter and driver of the poorly understood mud and asphalt volcanism; both submarine and terrestrial. Furthermore, the lack of polarity of the water molecules in ScriW gives the ScriW vapour the potential to dissolve organic matter and petroleum. The same applies to supercritical brines confined in subduction slabs. If these supercritical water vapours migrate upwards to reach the critical point, the supercritical vapour is condensed into steam and dissolved petroleum is partitioned from the water phase to become a separate fluid phase. This opens up the possibility of transporting petroleum long distances when mixed with ScriW. Therefore, we may, popularly, say that ScriW drives a gigantic underground refinery system and also a salt factory. It is suggested that the result of these processes is that ScriW is rejuvenating the world’s ocean waters, as all of the ocean water circulates into the porous oceanic crust and out again in cycles of less than a million years. In summary, we suggest that ScriW participates in and is partly responsible for: 1) Ocean water rejuvenation and formation; 2) Fundamental geological processes, such as volcanism, earthquakes, and meta-morphism (including serpentinization); 3) Solid salt production, accumulation, transportation, and (salt) dome formation; 4) The initiation and driving of mud, serpentine, and asphalt volcanoes; 5) Dissolution of organic matter and petroleum, including transportation and phase separation (fractionation), when passing into the subcritical domain of (liquid) water.
机译：众所周知，迁移到地壳深处的海水将在温度高于407°C且压力高于298巴的情况下进入超临界域。在大洋地壳中，这些压力是在海面以下3 km的深度处达到的，并且在侵入岩浆附近发现了足够高的温度，其温度范围为800°C至1200°C。当进入超临界域时，海水的物理化学行为发生了巨大变化。形成的超临界水蒸气（ScriW）的密度为0.3 g / cc，偶极特性大大降低。极性的这种变化会导致ScriW失去其在普通海盐（氯化物和硫酸盐）中的溶解度，并且在孔隙系统中会自发沉淀出海盐。但是，这只是ScriW的非常特殊的属性影响其周围环境的众多情况之一。本文的目的是提高人们对ScriW发起和控制的许多地质过程的认识。这包括ScriW及其地质环境之间的相互作用，以启动和驱动对地球动力和生计至关重要的过程。 ScriW是与俯冲带相关的火山活动的驱动器，因为从俯冲平板衍生的ScriW与地幔岩石相互作用并降低了其熔点。 ScriW还启动了蛇纹石化过程，其中地幔岩石中的橄榄石（例如橄榄岩）在从水解水中吸收OH基团后转变为蛇纹石矿物。从含铁的辉石和橄榄石中溶解的Fe2 +会同时氧化，从而导致磁铁矿和氢的形成，从而形成非常还原的环境。 ScriW可能也是人们对稀疏的泥浆和沥青火山作用的潜在发动者和推动者;潜艇和陆地。此外，ScriW中水分子的极性不足使ScriW蒸气具有溶解有机物和石油的潜力。限制在俯冲板中的超临界盐水也是如此。如果这些超临界水蒸气向上迁移到临界点，则超临界蒸气被冷凝成蒸汽，溶解的石油从水相中分配出来，成为一个独立的流体相。当与ScriW混合时，这开辟了长距离运输石油的可能性。因此，我们通常可以说ScriW驱动着巨大的地下精炼系统以及盐厂。有人认为，这些过程的结果是ScriW正在使世界的海水焕发活力，因为所有海水都以不到一百万年的周期循环进入多孔的地壳并再次流出。总之，我们建议ScriW参与并部分负责：1）海水的复兴和形成; 2）基本地质过程，例如火山作用，地震和变质作用（包括蛇纹岩化作用）; 3）固体盐的产生，积累，运输和（盐）穹顶的形成; 4）泥浆，蛇形和沥青火山的爆发和驱动; 5）进入（液态）水的亚临界域时，有机物和石油的溶解，包括运输和相分离（分离）。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号