This paper sought to establish the role played by taxation in achieving income and wealth equality in Kenya. It reviews the country’s tax system and compares the burden placed on the poor to that carried by the rich to determine which group contributes a bigger percentage of its salaries to taxes. The study incorporates descriptive and explorative approaches to research. Government records were the main source of data as the tax trends and their resulting impact on wealth distribution patterns were observed from the data. A diagnostic approach, on the other hand, was used to generate an association between each type of tax and income redistribution. Secondary data was utilized from the National Treasury and Kenya National Bureau of Statistics sources. Also, the Kenya Institute of Policy Research and Kenya Revenue Authority were used to obtain data on the country’s tax system and to identify the possible impact on wealth and income redistribution. The findings reveal that taxation can achieve income and wealth inequality. However, the structure of each type of taxes has to be as progressive as possible to make sure that the rich contribute a larger percentage of their income to taxes.
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